414 GRASSES AND HOW TO GROW THEM. 



Various grain crops also may be grown for hay alone 

 or in combination. The necessity for growing these 

 thus does not exist where grasses can be grown so abun- 

 dantly and of such high excellence. 



West of the Cascades. — For the area included in this 

 division, see p. 351, and for the grasses for temporary 

 meadow, see p. 352. The list for permanent meadow is 

 a long one. It includes timothy, red top, orchard grass, 

 meadow fescue, perennial rye grass, Russian brome, al- 

 sike and red clover, grown singly or in various combina- 

 tions. ■ The clovers here assume more or less of a peren- 

 nial habit of growth. The amounts of seed to sow, when 

 these are sown alone, would be about the same as men- 

 tioned for such sowing, when discussing each variety, 

 but minimum rather than maximum quantities, would 

 suflBce, owing to the moist character of the climate, so 

 favorable to the growth of grasses. One of the simplest 

 and best combinations is timothy and alsike clover, espe- 

 cially when the hay is to be marketed ; to produce such 

 hay from 10 to 12 pounds of timothy may be sown on 

 bottom and tide lands, and 2 pounds of alsike clover; 

 where the yield is for home consumption, redtop should 

 be added; the proportions of seed then required would 

 be about 4 pounds each of timothy and redtop, and S 

 pounds of alsike. 



For the higher land, timothy and medium red clover 

 would make meadow that would last for several years, if 

 desired, sowing 8 pounds of the former and 6 pounds of 

 the latter. The production would probably be strength- 

 ened by substituting 3 pounds each of medium red and 

 mammoth clover for 6 pounds of medium red. On the 



