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Order 8.— Elephants (Proboscidea) - - - 102 



Order 9.— Conies (Hyracoidea) - - - 103 



Order 10.— Hoofed Mammals (Ungulata) - - 104 



(i) Odd-toed Ungulates (Perissodactyla) 104 



(2) Even-toed Ungulates (Artiodactyla) 107 



Order II. — Gnawers (Rodentia) 122 



Order 12. Edentates (Edentata) 136 

 Sloths, Armadilloes, Ant-Bears, and Pangolins. 



B. Metatheria 



Order 13. — POUCHED Mammals (Marsupialia) 136 



C. Prototheria 



Order 14.— EGG- laying Mammals (Monotremata) 138 



CHAPTER III 



STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF BIRDS (AVES) 



Structure and Development of the Pigeon (Columba livia), taken as a Type 139 



Classification of Birds (Aves) 



I. Flying Birds (Carinatse) 



Order i. — Perching Birds (Passeres) 152 



Order 2.— Picarian Birds (Picariee) 161 



Order 3. — OwLS (Striges) 165 



Order 4.— PARROTS (Psittaci) 166 



Order 5. — PiGEONS and Sand-Grouse (Columbae) 167 



Order 6. — GuLLS (Gaviae) 168 



Order 7.— PLOVERS (Limicolae) 168 



Order 8. — BUSTARDS and Cranes (Alectorides) 170 



Order 9. — Rails (Grallae) 171 



Order 10. — Game-Birds (Gallinae) 172 



Order 11.— TiNAMOUS (Crypturi) 173 



Order 12. — Eagles and Vultures (Accipitres) 173 



Order 13. — DucKS, Geese, and Flamingoes (Anseres) 176 



Order 14. — Herons and Storks (Herodiones) 178 



Order 15. — Pelicans and Cormorants (Steganopodes) 180 



Order 16. — PETRELS and Albatrosses (Tubinares) 182 



Order 17. — DlVERS and GREBES (Pygopodes) 183 



Order 18. — Penguins (Impennes) 186 



II. Running Birds (Ratitag) 



(l) African Ostriches — (2) American Ostriches — (3) Cassowaries — (4) Emeus — 



(5) Kiwis 186 



