MAMMALIA 



71 



Although the differences between the different races of man- 

 kind are well marked, all are now regarded as having sprung from 

 a common stock, and as belonging to the same genus, Homo, and 

 the same species, sapiens. The scientific name for Man, regarded 

 as an animal, is therefore Homo sapiens. 



II. Apes and Monkeys. — These are tropical mammals closely 

 approximating to Man in structure, with opposable thumbs, eyes 



Fig. 40. — Anthropoid Apes 



I, GorCA& [Gorilla Savagei); 2, Gtim\^%vizz^ {Antkropopithecus niger) ', 3, 'S-Aszr G^^fiJ^ [Hylobates leuciscus)', 



4, Orang-utan {Sitina satyrus], 



placed in orbits which are complete bony cups, teeth of the four 

 typical kinds, and agreeing pretty closely in number with those 

 of Man, and a pair of milk-glands situated on the chest. A point, 

 related to the habit of climbing, in which these animals differ from 

 Man, is found in the possession of opposable great toes. 



Monkeys may be divided into three groups, corresponding 

 largely to their geographical distribution: (i) Old World Monkeys* 

 (2) New World Monkeys, and (3) Marmosets. 



