ORCHID FAMILY 



71 



Family 5. lEiDACEiE or Iris Family. — Perennial herbs with 

 equitant two-ranked leaves and regular or irregular flowers which are 

 showy. Fruit a three-celled, loculicidal, many-seeded capsule. Root- 

 stocks, tubers, or corms mostly acrid. 



Unofficial drug 

 Orris 



Saffron 



Part used 



Rhizome 

 Stigmas 



Botanical name 



Iris florentina 

 Iris pallida 

 Iris germanica 

 Crocus sations 



Family 6. Orchidace^ or Orchid Family. — Perennial herbs 

 having grotesque flowers. The perianth consists of six segments, the 

 outer three of which correspond to sepals and are similar. Two seg- 

 ments of the inner circle resemble petals while the third is known as the 

 Labellum or Lip. This is generally larger than the rest and is directed 

 downward and forward. Usually only one stamen is developed, bear- 

 ing anther. Leaves parallel veined and alternate. Ovary unilocular 

 with many ovules on three parietal placentje. Fruit a capsule, three- 

 valved and one-celled. Seeds minute. 



Official drug 



Vanilla 

 Cypripedium 



Part used 



Fruit 



Rhizome and roots 



Botanical name 



Vanilla planifoUa 

 / Cypripedium hirsutum 

 \ Cypripedium parviflorum 



