CAPRIFOLIACEjE 87 



Family 5. GentianacEjE. — A family of smooth annual or perennial 

 gamopetalous herbs — the gentian family — with colorless bitter juice, 

 opposite simple leaves, and showy, perfect, regular flowers. It is 

 widely distributed over the world, especially in temperate regions, and 

 embraces 49 genera, and about 575 species. 



Official drug Part used Botanical name 



Gentiana Rhizome and roots Gentiana lutea 



Chirata Entire plant Swertia Chirayita 



Family 6. Loganiace^, the Logania Family. — Tropical herbs, 

 shrubs, or trees containing bitter principles, often poisonous. Allied to 

 the milkweed and gentian families. Leaves entire, stipulate, opposite, 

 inflorescence cymose, flowers, regular and four- to five-parted, fruit a 

 two-celled berry or capsule. 



Family 7. Apocynace^. — A family of gamopetalous herbaceous 

 or woody plants — the dogbane family — mainly tropical or sub-tropical, 

 with milky, mostly acrid juice, simple, entire, exstipulate leaves, and 

 regular, five- parted flowers. It embraces 103 genera and 900 species. 



Fruit, a pod containing many seeds which are often downy. 



Family 8. AscLEPiADACEiE. — A large family of gamopetalous per- 

 ennial herbs or shrubs — the milkweed family — erect or twining, 

 having milky juice, leaves mostly opposite, five-parted umbellate 

 flowers, stamens with the pollen cohering in waxy masses, and a fruit 

 of two follicles. It embraces about 1300 species. 



Unofficial drug Part used Botanical name 



Asclepias Root Asclepias tuberosa 



Condurango Bark Gonolobus condurango 



Family 9. Capeifoliace^. — A family of gamopetalous herbs 

 shrubs, or rarely small trees — the honeysuckle family — mostly of the 



