FUR SEALS OF ALASKA. 47 
Mr. Exxiorr. Yes, they did; from 1 year old to 4 years old; just 
as we have been doing since 1896 down to date, and as some ‘ experts” 
are proposing to continue, even now. And these ‘ ‘experts” are now 
being quoted to you as “authorities” to prove that no excessive kill- 
ing of young male seals ever harmed this herd—that pelagic sealing 
alone injures it. 
The Coarrman. No; we reserve enough now for the propagation of 
the species ¢ 
Mr. Extiotr. Yes; we do intend to; but the argument made this 
morning by the counsel for the lessees is that you can not kill so as to 
hurt the herd. He quotes Doctor Jordan and Doctor Stejneger at 
length to prove this and to deny the fact of the Russian record. This 
attempt on their part is foolish; it is dogmatic nonsense. 
The Cuarrman. No man would say that if you killed all the males 
every year that finally you would not destroy the herd. It would 
only be a question of time. 
Mr. Exuiorr. Doctor Jordan has said it. He says that land killing 
would not and never hurt this herd; he says that no killing by the 
lessees can be severe enough to hurt the life of this herd, and Stejneger 
is quoted to. show that two bulls are enough for the service of 500 
cows. Stejneger does not know that those bulls and all those cows 
have disappeared from the south rookery, Bering Island, three years 
ago. They are extinct. That is the kind of an object lesson these 
gentlemen present to you. 
The Cuairman. That is a different Proposition. 
Mr. Extiott. This is land killing. 
The Cuatrman. In 1819? 
Mr. Extrorr. Yes, sir. 
The Cuatrman. Doctor Jordan did not go back as far as that. 
Mr. Extiotr. But he blindly denies these authentic records. We 
have this official record of the past to guide us for the present. I ask 
that it go in as a part of my remarks. 
The Cuarrman. All right, put it in. 
The matter referred to is as follows: 
“The official Russian record of the decline of the Pribilof fur-seal herd from exces- 
sive land killing.’’ 
Notr.—The full details of this record of the Russian period of diminution from 
1817 to 1834 and its gradual restoration to fine form and number in 1857-1860 will be 
found on pages 1599, 1601, 1602, 1603, 1614, 1615 of the Congressional Record, 
February 2, 1903, Fifty- seventh Congress, second session. 
The full details of Jordan’s and Moser’s blunders in criticism of my rookery sur- 
veys will be found on pages 1599, 1600, 1601 et seq. of Congressional Record, Febru- 
ary 2, 1903. 
The full text of Jordan’s branding blunders will be found on pages 1603, 1604, 1614, 
Congressional Record, February 2, 1903. 
The full text of Jordan’s ‘Joint agreement’? with my annotations will be found 
on pages 1604, 1605, and 1606, and 1611, Congressional Record, February 2, 1903. 
The original surveys of the breeding rookeries which I made in 1872-1874, have 
never been published, duplicated, or seen by either Jordan or Moser; they have seen 
nothing but the small census sketch maps of 1882, or my own sketches of 1890, which 
were enlarged by photography in 1891, and distorted even as sketch maps, hence 
their criticisms are puerile and are fully answered as above cited. The attorney for 
the lessees has been unfortunate in referring to them this morning.—(H. W. E., 
March 10, 1904.) 
Mr. Extiorr. Now I havea further remark to make. Doctor Jordan 
was introduced to you by Mr. Faulkner as a scientist, with four asso- 
