100 



STAMENS. 



[SECTION 9. 



Pentaielphous (five brotherhoods), when in five sets, as in some species 

 of Hypericum and in American Linden (Fig. 277, 289). 



Polyadelphous (many or several 

 brotherhoods) is the term generally 

 employed when these sets are several, 

 or even more than two, and the par- 

 ticular number is left unspecified. 

 These terms all relate to the fila- 

 ments. 



Syngenesious is the term to denote 

 that stamens have their anthers united, 

 coalescent into a ring or tube ; as in 

 Lobelia (Fig. 285), in Violets, and in 

 all of the great family of Compositse. 



284. Their Number in a flower is commonly expressed directly, but 

 sometimes adjectively, by a series of terms which were the name of classes 

 in the Linnsean artificial system, of which the following names, as also the 

 preceding, are a survival : — 



Monandrous, i. e. solitary-stamened, when the flower has only one stamen, 



Diandrous, when it has two stamens only, 



Triandrous, when it has three 

 stamens, 



Tetrandrous, when it has four 

 stamens, 



Pentandrous, when it has 

 five stamens, 



Hexandrous, when with six 

 stamens, and so on to 



Polyandrous, when it has 

 many stamens, or more than a dozen. 1 



285. For which terms, see the Glossary. They are all Greek numerals 

 prefixed to -andria (from the Greek), which Linnseus used for andrcecium, 

 and are made into an English adjective, -androus. Two other terms, of 

 same origin, designate particular cases of number (four or six) in con- 

 nection with unequal length. Namely, the stamens are 



Didynamous, when, being only four, they form two pairs, one pair longer 

 than the other, as in the Trumpet Creeper, in Gerardia (Fig. 263), etc. 



Fiq. 286. Flower of a Mallow, with calyx and corolla cut away ; showing mona- 

 delphous stamens. 



Tig. 287. Monadelphous stamens of Lupine. 288. Diadelphous stamens (9 and 1) 

 of a Pea-blossom. 



Fiq. 289. One of the five stamen-clusters of the flower of American Linden, with 

 accompanying scale. The five clusters are shown in section in the diagram of this 

 flower, Fig. 277. 



Fig. 290. Five syngenesious stamens of a Coreopsis. 291. Same, with tube laid 

 open and displayed. 



