CROWFOOT FAMILY. 37 



A. Japdnica, Sieb. & Zucc. 2°-3° high, flowering in autumn ; flowers 

 2'-3' across, rose-color or white; leaves ternate, the leaflets variously 

 cut and toothed. Hardy. China. 



* * Wild species, smaller-flowered. 



■*- Akenes densely woolly and very numerous. 



** Stems single, 3'-6' high, from a small tuber; sepals 10-20 ; involucre 



A. Caroliniana, Walt. Involucre 3-parted, its wedge-shaped divi- 

 sions 3-cleft, purple or whitish. N. C. west to 111. and Neb. May. 



■M--M- Stems branched, 2°-3° high; leaves of the involucre long-petioled, 

 compound ; sepals 5, small, greenish-white, silky beneath. 



A. cylindrica, Gray.- Long-fruited A. Involucre several-leaved 

 surrounding several long, naked peduncles ; flowers late in spring (in dry 

 soil N. and W.), followed'by a> cylindrical head of fruit. 



A. Virginiana, Linn. Virginian A. Involucre 3-leaved ; peduncles 

 formed in succession all summer, the middle or first one naked, the others 

 bearing 2 leaves (involucel) at the middle, from which proceed two more 

 peduncles, and so on ; head of fruit oval or oblong. Common in woods 

 and meadows. 



■i- +- Akenes not woolly, fewer; flower V broad or more. 



A. Pennsylvanioa, Linn. Pennsylvania!* A. Stem 1° high, bearing 

 an involucre of 3 wedge-shaped 3-cleft and cut sessile leaves, and a naked 

 peduncle, then 2 or 3 peduncles with a pair of smaller leaves at their 

 middle, and. so on ; flowers white in summer. (Lessons, Fig. 233.) Allu- 

 vial ground, N. and W. 



A. nemordsa, Linn. Wood A. Stem 4'-10' high, bearing an invo- 

 lucre of 3 long-petioled leaves of 3 or 5 leaflets, and a single short-pedun- 

 cled flower ; sepals white, or purple outside. Woodlands, early spring. 



3. HEPATICA, LIVERLEAF, HEPATICA. (Shape of the leaves 

 likened to that of the liver.) Among the earliest spring flowers. 

 Stemless low %, with 3-lobed leaves and 1-flowered scapes. The 

 involucre is so close to the flower and of such size and shape that it is 

 most likely to be mistaken for a calyx, and the six or more oblong, 

 colored sepals for petals. 



H. triloba, Chaix. Round-lobed H. Leaves with 3 broad and 

 rounded lobes, appearing later than the flowers, and lasting over the 

 winter ; stalks hairy ; flowers blue, purple, or almost white. Woods, 

 common. Full double-flowered varieties, blue and purple, are cult, from 

 Eu. Atlantic to Mo. and N. 



H. acutfloba, DC. Sharp-lobed H. Has pointed lobes to the 

 leaves, sometimes 5 of them, and paler flowers. Passes into the last; 

 same range. 



4. ANEMONELLA, RUE ANEMONE. (Name diminutive of Ane- 

 mone.') Petals 0. Sepals 5-10, white. Leaves compound, radical, ex- 

 cept the involucral. Akenes 8-10-ribbed. Low, smooth, % 



A. thalictroldes, Spach. Rue Anemone. Smooth and delicate, some- 

 what resembling Wood Anemone ; stem-leaves none, except those that 

 form an involucre around the umbel of white (rarely pinkish) flowers, 

 appearing in early spring ; leaflets roundish, 3-lobed at the end, long- 

 stalked ; stigma flat-topped, sessile ; roots clustered, very fleshy. 



