106 VINE FAMILY. 



4. CEANOTHTJS. (An ancient name of unknown meaning.) 



C. Americans, Linn. New Jersey Tea or Redroot. l°-2° high, 

 from a dark red root ; leaves ovate or oblong-ovate, finely serrate, downy 

 beneath, 3-ribbed and veiny, deciduous (once used as a substitute for 

 tea) ; flowers crowded in a dense, slender-peduncled cluster, in summer. 

 Wild in dry grounds. 



C. ovatus, Desf. Lower than the preceding and nearly smooth; 

 leaves smaller, narrow-oval, or lance-oblong ; flowers on a short peduncle 

 in spring. Wild on rocks N., from Vermont to Minn., rare E. 



C. microphallus, Michx. Small-leaved C. Low and spreading, 

 much branched ; leaves evergreen, very small, obovate, 3 ribbed ; flower- 

 clusters small and simple in spring. Dry barrens S. 



XXXII. VITACEJ1, VINE FAMILY. 



Woody plants, climbing by tendrils, -with watery and often 

 acid juice, alternate leaves, deciduous stipules, and small 

 greenish, flowers in a cyme or thyrsus ; with a minutely 4-5- 

 toothed or almost obsolete calyx; petals yalvate in the bud 

 and very deciduous ; the stamens as many as the petals and 

 opposite them ; a 2-celled ovary with a pair of ovules rising 

 from the base of each cell, becoming a berry containing 1-4 

 bony seeds. Tendrils and flower-clusters opposite the leaves. 



* Climbing by naked-tipped tendrils ; ovary surrounded by a nectar-secreting disk. 



1. VITIS. Petals and stamens 5, the former lightly cohering at the top and thrown off 



without expanding ; the base of the very short and truncate calyx filled with the disk, 

 which rises into 5 thick lobes or glands between the stamens ; leaves simple, rounded, 

 and heart-shaped, usually 8-5-lobed. Fruit a pulpy berry. 



2. CISSUS. Flowers in an ovate panicle. Petals and stamens 4 or 5, the former opening 



regularly ; disk thick and broad, 4-5-Iobed ; flowers mostly perfect ; berries not larger 

 than peas, not edible. TendrilB in ours among the flowers, which are panicled or cymose. 



* • Climbing by the adhesion of the dilated tips of tendrils (Lessons, p. 41, Figs. 98, 



94) ; disk 0. 

 8. AMPELOPSIS. Corolla expanding. Petals thick. Flowers oymose. 



1. VITIS, GRAPEVINE. (Classical Latin name.) Flowers in late 



spring, g ^ Bark loose, shreddy; tendrils forked ; nodes solid. 



* A tendril {or inflorescence) opposite every leaf. 



V. Labnisca , Linn. Northern Fox Grape, etc., furnishing most of the 

 American table and wine grapes ; leaves and young shoots very cottony, 

 even the adult leaves retaining the cottony wool underneath, the lobes 

 separated by roundish sinuses ; fruit large, with a tough musky pulp when 

 wild, dark purple, or amber-color in compact clusters. Common in moist 

 grounds N. and E. The original of the Concord, Hartford, and many 

 others. 



# # Tendrils intermittent (none opposite each third leaf). 



+- Leaves pubescent andfloccose, especially beneath when young. 



V. aestivalis, Michx. Summer Grape. Branches terete ; leaves 

 green above, and with loose, cobwebby, rusty down underneath, the lobes 



