ROSE FAMILY. 155 



Var. albinus, Bailey. White Blackberry. Canes bright yellowish- 

 green, and the fruit short and amber or cream-colored. In the N. 

 States ; also cult. 



Var. fronddsus, Torr., is dwarfer, has narrower leaflets, and a short 

 and leafy inflorescence. N. States ; also cult. 



Var. montanus, Porter, occurs on high hills from N. Y. southward, 

 and is known by lower habit, mostly redder stems, and sometimes fewer 

 prickles, shorter clusters, and especially by dry, "seedy," spicy, or bitter- 

 ish, thimble-shaped berries. 



Hybrids occur between R. villosus and R. Canadensis, as in the garden 

 variety, Wilson Early, and others. 



H. Millspaughii, Britton. Thornless Blackberry. Stems nearly 

 or wholly thornless, and leaflets narrower (mostly ovate-lanceolate), the 

 middle three long-stalked ; inflorescence short, less pubescent than in the 

 preceding. N. States and southward along the mountains. 



R. cuneifdlius, Pursh. Sand B. Sandy ground and barrens from 

 N. J., S. ; erect, l°-3° high, with stout hooked prickles ; the branchlets 

 and lower surface of the 3-5 wedge-obovate, thickish leaves whitish- 

 woolly ; peduncles 2-4-flowered. 



R. laciniatus, Willd. Cut-leaved or Evergreen Blackberry. 

 Leaflets 3, each pinnately divided into lobed and cut portions; flower 

 clusters small, whitish-pubescent ; stems with recurved prickles. Prob- 

 ably a form of the European R. fruticosus. 



■*- +- Stems trailing, decumbent, or ascending, mostly rooting at the tips. — 

 Dewberries. 



H. Canadensis, Linn. Low B. or Dewberry. Rocky and sandy 

 soil ; long-trailing, slightly prickly, smooth or smoothish, and with 3-7 

 small, doubly-toothed leaflets ; the racemes erect and 1-3-flowered, with 

 leaf-like bracts, the fruit of fewer grains and ripening earlier than the 

 Blackberries. Several varieties are cultivated. 



Var. roribaccus, Bailey, native of W. Va., is the Lucretia Dewberry, 

 distinguished by strong growth, wedge-obovate, jagged leaflets, long flower 

 stalks, and large flowers (sometimes 2' across), with leafy sepals. 



Var. invlsus, Bailey. Parent of Bartel and other cultivated Dew- 

 berries ; has somewhat ascending round stems, and leaflets which are 

 coarsely and always simply toothed ; N. 



H. trivialis, Michx. Southern Low B. Sandy soil from Va., 

 S.; widely trailing or creeping, bristly and very prickly ; the smooth, 

 partly evergreen leaves of 3-5 ovate-oblong or lance-oblong leaflets ; 

 peduncles 1-3-flowered. Cult. 



R. setdsus, Bigel. Ascending ; the older stems densely clothed with 

 very slender but stiff, slightly bent prickles ; leaflets ovate to ovate-ob- 

 lanceolate, pointed, scarcely shining, very strongly toothed ; fruit reddish- 

 black. Woods and glades, Penn. and N. 



* * Stems scarcely woody, but lasting over winter, wholly prostrate ; fruit 

 reddish, sour. 



R. hfspidus, Linn. Running Swamp B. Low woods and sandy 

 places, etc., N.; with very long and slender running stems, beset with 

 small reflexed prickles, sending up short, leafy, and flowering shoots ; 

 leaves of mostly 3 obovate blunt, smooth, and shining leaflets, of firm 

 and thickish texture, somewhat evergreen ; flowers small and few, on a 

 leafless peduncle ; fruit of few grains, red or purple. 



§4. Flowering Bramble ; cultivated for the flowers only. 



R. rosoefblius, Smith, from China, called Brier Rose. Cult, in green- 

 houses and apartments, has pinnate leaves, and bears a succession of 

 full-double white flowers, resembling small roses. 



