230 COMPOSITE FAMILY. 



6. ETJPATOHIUM, THOROUGHWORT, BONESET. (Dedicated 

 to Eupator Mithridates, who is said to have used the European species 

 in medicine.) % Following are the commonest. 



§ 1. Receptacle flat ; scales of the involucre mostly unequal and more or 

 less imbricated. 



* Leaves 3-6 in a whorl; heads 5-15-flowered, cylindrical, the purplish 



scales closely imbricated in several rows ; flowers flesh-colored. 



E. purpureum, Linn. Purple T. or Joe-Pye Weed. Stems simple, 

 3°-12° high, with or without purplish spots or dots ; leaves on petioles, 

 very veiny, oblong-ovate, roughish-toothed and pointed ; corymbs dense, 

 compound. Low grounds. 



# * Leaves alternate or the lower opposite, all long-petioled ; corymbs 

 compound; scales imbricated; flowers 12-16 in the head, small, white. 



E. serdtinum, Michx, Low grounds from Maryland to Minn, and 

 S., minutely pubescent, tall (3°-6° high), bushy-branched ; leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate and taper-pointed, triple-ribbed, coarsely -toothed, 5'-6' long ; 

 the involucre very downy. 



# * * Leaves opposite {or only the uppermost alternate') and sessile; 



heads corymbed; the scales more or less imbricated; flowers white. 



h- Leaves separate at base ; heads mostly 6-8-flowered. 

 ** Base of leaves broad. 



E. sessilifdlium, Linn. Smooth ; 4°-6° high, with lance-ovate serrate 

 leaves (3'-6' long) tapering from a rounded closely sessile base to a 

 slender point, and small heads (with obtuse scales) in very compound flat 

 corymbs. Mass., S. and W. 



E. rotundif olium, Linn. Leaves roundish-ovate, blunt, deeply toothed ; 

 heads in a large and dense corymb, the scales acute. R. I., S. 



E. teucrifblium, Willd. Low grounds near the coast; roughish-pu- 

 bescent; ovate-oblong or lance-oblong, veiny, deeply few-toothed leaves 

 and small corymbs ; scales oblong-lanceolate. 



++ ++ Base of leaves narrow. 



E. Album, Linn. Roughish-hairy, 2° high ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, 

 coarsely toothed and strongly veiny ; heads crowded in the corymb ; 

 the lanceolate and pointed scales of the involucre white above and larger 

 than the flowers. Sandy soil, L. I., S. 



E. altissimum, Linn. Stout and tall, 3°-7° high, downy, with lanceo- 

 late leaves (resembling those of some Goldenrods) tapering to both ends 

 and conspicuously 3-nerved, either entire or toothed above the middle ; 

 corymbs dense ; scales of the involucre blunt. Penn., W. and S. 



E. hyssopifdlium, Linn. l°-2° high ; smoothish, with narrow linear 

 or lanceolate blunt, 1-3-nerved leaves. Dry sterile soil, from Mass., S. 



■*- ■*- Leaves united at base around the stem in pairs (connate-perfoliate). 



E. perfoliatum, Linn. Thorouohwort or Boneset. Low grounds 

 everywhere (the bitter infusion used as a popular medicine) ; 2°-4° high, 

 hairy ; the lanceolate leaves taper-pointed, serrate, very veiny, and some- 

 what wrinkled, 6'-8' long ; the very numerous heads crowded in a dense 

 corymb, 10-30-flowered. 



* * » # Leaves opposite, petioled, triple-ribbed ; heads in corymbs, 8-30- 

 flowered, the scales of the involucre equal and almost in one row; 

 flowers white. 



E. ageratoldes, Linn. White Snake Root. Smooth, 2°-3° high ; 

 broadly ovate, long-petioled, coarsely and sharply toothed, thin leaves 



