BLADDERWORT FAMILY. 333 



3. APHYLLON, NAKED BROOM RAPE or ONE-ELOWERED 

 CANCER ROOT. (Greek: without leaves.) Flowers spring and 

 early summer. 



A. unifldrum, Gray. Open woods or thickets ; slightly clammy- 

 pubescent, with 1-3 scapes (3'-5' high) from a subterranean scaly base, and 

 lance-awl-shaped calyx lobes half the length of the violet-purplish corolla. 



A. fasciculatum, Gray. Occurs only from N. Mich., W. ; has scapes 

 from a scaly base rising out of the ground, and short triangular calyx 

 lobes. Parasitic on herbs, as Artemisia, etc. 



LXXXIII. LENTIBITLARIACEJ!, BLADDEEWORT 

 FAMILY. 



Aquatic or marsh herbs, with the ovary and pod 1-celled and 

 containing a free central placenta, with irregular bilabiate 

 flowers (lower lip larger and 3-lobed), bearing a spur or sac 

 underneath, and 2 stamens with confluently 1-celled anthers. 

 Mowers on 1-few-flowered scapes. 



1. TJTEICULARIA. Calyx parted Into 2 nearly entire lips. Corolla deeply 2-Iipped, the 



lower lip bearing above a prominent palate closing the throat, and below a large spur. 

 Anthers 2, converging in the throat of the corolla. Stigma 2-lipped. Leaves finely 

 cut, mostly into threads or fibers, many bearing little air bladders ; some are leafless. 



2. PINGUICULA. Upper lip of calyx 8-cleft, lower 2-cleft. Lips of corolla distinctly 



lobed, the hairy or spotted palate smaller, so that the throat is open ; otherwise as in 

 Utricularia. Leaves all in a tuft at base of the 1-fiowered scapes, broad and entire, 

 soft and tender. 



1. UTRICULARIA, BLADDERWORT. ( Utriculus, a little bladder.) 



Flowers all summer. The following are the commonest species. 

 * Plants floating by means of the hollow petioles of the upper whorled 



U. inflata, Walt. Swimming free, the petioles of the whorl of leaves 

 around the base of the 5-10-flowered scape inflated into oblong bladders, 

 besides little bladders on the thread-like divisions of the leaves ; corolla 

 yellow, large. Still water, Me. and S., near the coast. 



* * Plants floating, the dissected leaves usually bearing little bladders on 



their lobes. 



t- Flowers yellow. 



** Pedicels recurved in fruit. 



U. vulgaris, Linn. Common in still or slow water ; the stems l°-3° 

 long and very 'bladder-bearing on the thread-like, many-parted, crowded 

 leaves ; flowers 5-10 in the raceme, large, with spur rather shorter than 

 lower lip ; the corolla closed. 



U. minor, Linn. Leaves scattered, 2-4 times forked ; scapes lower 

 and weak, 2-8-flowered ; corolla gaping, the spur very short and blunt or 

 almost none. Shallow water, N. States. 



■h- *+ Pedicels erect in fruit. 



U. gibba, Linn. Small, with short branches bearing sparse thread- 

 like leaves and some bladders, 1-2-flowered scape only l'-3' high, 



