400 "WILLOW FAMILY. 



many other ornamental willows are grafted. Moderate-sized tree, with 

 brown or reddish branches and thick oval or lance-oval wavy-margined 

 and irregularly toothed leaves, which are white-tomentose below and 

 short-stalked ; young growth pubescent. 



* # Flowers slightly earlier than the leaves but rather late in spring, on 

 lateral catkins which have 4 or 6 leafy bracts at their base. 



S. cordata, Muhl. A common wild species along streams, badly 

 named, as the leaves are seldom heart-shaped at base and generally 

 lanceolate, often tapering to both ends, sharply serrate, smooth, pale or 

 whitish beneath ; stipules on young shoots conspicuous, ovate or kidney- 

 shaped ; ovary slender-stalked, tapering, smooth. Variable. 



S. incana, Schrank. (S. rosmarinifolia of horticulturists.) Leaves 

 long-linear, with somewhat revolute entire edges, white-cottony below, 

 nearly sessile, dull-green above ; catkins small and slender ; young 

 growth more or less cottony. Cult, for ornament, usually as a graft 

 upon some other species. 



» # # Flowers in loose catkins terminating leafy lateral shoots of the 

 season, therefore later than the leaves, in late spring or early summer. 



■i- Leaves remotely denticulate ; stamens 2 ; capsule glabrous or silky. 



S. longifdlia, Muhl. Long-leaved W. Banks N. ; shrub, with very 

 long lance-linear, nearly sessile leaves, grayish-hairy when young ; catkins 

 with narrow yellowish scales ; the stalked ovary bearing large stigmas. 



•i- <- Leaves closely serrate with inflexed teeth ; copsule glabrous. 



++ Stamens generally 2 ; leaves lanceolate and long-acuminate. 



S. frdgilis, Linn. Crack W. Leaves green and glabrous, pale or 

 glaucous beneath, 3'-6' long ; stipules (if present) half-cordate ; capsule 

 long-conical, short^stalked. Tall tree, planted for shade and ornament. Eu. 



S. dlba, Linn. White W. Leaves ashy-gray or silky-white on both 

 sides except when old, 2'-4' long ; stipules ovate-lanceolate, deciduous ; 

 capsule ovate-conical, nearly or quite sessile. Eu. Very variable and 

 much mixed with S. fragilis. Forms with yellow twigs (var. vitellIna) 

 are cultivated. Var. argentea, with very silver-gray foliage, is the S. 

 regalis of horticulturists. 



S. Babyldnica, Tourn. Weeping W. Planted from the Orient; a 

 familiar tree, with very slender drooping branches, and linear-lanceolate 

 leaves white beneath ; in the monstrous variety called annularis, Hoop 

 W. , the leaves are curved into a ring. 



*+ ++ Stamens 3 or more ; leaves often broader. 



S. nigra, Marsh. Black W. Biver banks ; 15°-60° ; bark rough ; 

 narrow-lanceolate, taper-pointed leaves ; 3-6 stamens ; short-ovate pods. 



S. pent&ndra, Linn. (S. laurip6lia of horticulturists.) Bat W. Hand- 

 some tree, planted from Eu. for the very glossy, lanceolate, taper-pointed 

 leaves, of the same hue on both sides, the staminate catkins of golden- 

 yellow flowers also handsome ; stamens commonly 6 ; pods tapering. 



S. lucida, Muhl. American Bat W. Grows in wet ground N.; like 

 the last, but a shrub, with shorter catkins on a less leafy short branch. 



2. POFTJLTJS, POPLAB, ASPEN. (Classical name.) Quick-grow- 

 ing, soft-wooded trees, mostly with glossy dangling leaves. 

 * Balsam Poplars, with more or less elongated resinous sticky buds. 

 •i- Petioles terete or not prominently flattened. 



P. balsamflera, Linn. Balsam Poplar, Tacamahao. A tall upright 

 tree, with a narrow straight top, growing in woods and along streams in 



