ORCHIS FAMILY. 405 



9. GOODYERA. Flowers like Splranthes, but the lip more sac-shaped, closely sessile, 

 and destitute of the callous protuberances at base. Leaves variegated -with white 

 veining. 



++ ++■ ++ ++ Lip produced underneath into a free honey-bearing horn or spur ; pollen of 

 each cell all connected by elastic threads with a central axis or stalk; the lower 

 end of which is a sticky gland or disk, by adhesion to which the whole mass of 

 pollen is dragged from the opening anther and carried off by insects. 



10. ORCHIS. The 3 sepals and 2 petals are conniving and arched on the upper side of the 



flower; the lip turned downwards (i.e. as the flower stands on its twisted ovary). 

 Anther erect, its two cells parallel and contiguous ; the 2 glands side by side just 

 over the concave stigma, and inclosed in a sort of pouch or pocket opening at the 

 top. 



11. HAEENAEIA. Flower generally as in Orchis, but the lateral sepals commonly spread- 



ing ; the glands attached to the pollen masses naked and exposed. 



+- *- Anthers 2 (Lessons, Fig. 284), borne one on each side of the style, and a trowel- 

 shaped body on the upper side answers to the third stamen, the one that alone is 

 present in other Orchids; pollen powdery or pulpy; stigma roughish, not 

 glutinous. 



12. CYPRIPEDIUM. Sepals in appearance generally only 2, and petals 2, besides the lip 



which is a large inflated sac, into the mouth of which the style, bearing the stamens 

 and terminated by the broad terminal stigma, is declined. Pollen sticky on the sur- 

 face, as if with a delicate coat of varnish, powdery or at length pulpy underneath. 



1. EPIDENDRTJM. (Name in Greek means upon a tree, i.e. an epi- 

 phyte.) 



E. con<5pseum, Ait. S. Car., S. and W., on the boughs of Magnolia, 

 etc., clinging to the bark by its matted roots, its tuberous rootstocks 

 bearing thick and firm lanceolate leaves (l'-8' long), and scapes 2M5' 

 long, with a raceme of small greenish and purplish flowers, in summer. 

 (Lessons, Fig. 88.) 



2. CALYPSO. (The goddess Calypso.) 



C. borealis, Salisb. Local plant, in mossy bogs and woods, Me. to 

 Minn. ; corm solid ; flowers handsome, large and showy, purple, pink and 

 yellow, on a scape 3'-6' high ; leaf ovate and thin, petioled, with 3 ribs. 



3. APLECTRUM, PUTTYROOT, ADAM-AND-EVE. (Name, Greek: 

 destitute of spur.) 



A. hyemale, Nutt. Woods, in rich mold, N. Eng. to Minn., and S. 

 in the mountains ; scape and dingy flowers in early summer ; the large 

 oval and plaited-nerved petioled leaf appears towards autumn and lasts 

 over winter ; solid bulbs one each year, connected by a slender stalk, 

 those of at least two years found together (whence one of the popular 

 names), 1' thick, filled with strong glutinous matter, which has been used 

 for cement, whence the other name. 



4. CORALLORHIZA, CORAL ROOT (which the name means in 

 Greek). No green herbage ; plants probably parasitic on roots. 



C. innata, R.Br. Low woods, N. Eng. to Minn., and S. in the moun- 

 tains ; 3'-6' high, yellowish, with 5-10 very small almost sessile flowers ; 

 lip 3-lobed or halberd-shaped at base ; flowers in spring. 



C. odontorhlza, Nutt. Rich woods, Mass. to Mich., and S.; 6'-16' 

 high, thickened at base, brownish or purplish, with 6-20 pediceled flowers, 

 and lip not lobed but rather stalked at base, the spur obsolete. 



