484 PINE FAMILY. 



C. obtOsa, Sieb. & Zucc. Distinguished from the above by its obtusish 

 and closely appressed leaves, larger cones (£' in diam.) which have 8 

 (rarely 9 or 10) cones with entire-margined scales, which, however, are 

 furnished with a tubercle-like tip in the center. Retin6sfora tetra- 

 gona, R. filicoIdes, and R. lycopodioIdes belong here. 



13. THUJA, ARBOR VIT^E. (Ancient name of some resin-bearing 

 evergreen.) The varieties planted in collections are very numerous ; 

 the following are the principal natural types, by some taken for genera. 

 (Lessons, Fig. 166.) 



T. occidentalis, Linn. American Arbor Yitm, or White Cedar 

 (incorrectly) of the N. and of lumbermen. Common tree N., in swamps 

 and cool, moist woods, much planted, especially for hedges and screens ; 

 leaves mostly of the scale-shaped sort, blunt, and adnate ; cones oblong, 

 rather soft, the oblong scales pointless, and bearing 2 thin-winged seeds. 

 Many nursery varieties, some of which, especially var. ericoIdes or 

 Heath-like A., have the loose, awl-shaped sort of leaves. Siberian 

 Arbor Vitje is a form of it. 



T. oriental is, Linn. (Bi&ta orientAlis). Chinese A. Not hardy far 

 N. ; small tree, with even the scale-shaped leaves acute ; cone larger, 

 with thicker scales tipped with a recurving, horn-like apex or appendage, 

 each 2-seeded, and the seeds hard-shelled and wingless. Numerous f orms 

 are cultivated. 



T. dolabrata, Linn. (Thuy6fsis dolabrAta). Japan. Remarkable for 

 its very flat spray, broad and very blunt, large leaves (sometimes J' long) 

 green above and white beneath ; the cone with thick and rounded scales, 

 each with 5 wing-margined seeds. 



14. JUNIPERUS, JUNIPER. (Classical Latin name.) Flowers late 

 spring. 



* Leaves like those of Cypress and Arbor Vitas (both scale-like and awl- 



shaped, small, the former sort minute and very adnate). 



J. Virginiana, Linn. Red Cedar, Savin. A familiar shrub and 

 small or large tree, with most durable and valuable, reddish, odorous 

 wood ; the small fruit dark with a white bloom, erect on the short sup- 

 porting branchlet. 



J. Sablna, Linn., var. procumbens, Pursh. Rocky banks, trailing 

 over the ground along our northern borders, with the scale-shaped leaves 

 less acute, and the fruit nodding on the short, peduncle-like, recurved 

 branchlet. 



J. Chinensis, Linn. Low or medium-sized, dioecious tree of upright 

 habit ; male plant with numerous branches, the upper ones ascending or 

 erect, the leaves generally in 3's, stiff and spreading, green or glau- 

 cous ; female plant with longer and more distant branches, the leaves 

 shorter and more appressed and in pairs; berries dull-violet, small. 

 China to Nepaul. 



* * Leaves all of one sort, in whorls of 3, jointed with the stem, linear 

 with an awl-shaped, prickly point ; the midrib prominent, also the rib- 

 like margins. 



J. communis, Linn. Common Juniper. Erect or spreading shrub, 

 with very sharp-pointed leaves, green below and white on the upper face ; 

 berries large and smooth. The wild, low, much spreading variety is com- 

 mon N. in sterile or rocky ground. Var. Hibernica, a very erect, tree- 

 like shrub, forming a narrow column, is most planted for ornament. 

 From Eu. Many cult, forms. 



