FA3I. XIII. FINCHES, SFARROWH, ETC. 



137 



44.' Cardinal (593. Cardinalis cardinMis). — A large, distinctly 

 crested, red bird, with black around the red bill, most extensive 

 on the throat. The female has less bright red anywhere, the 

 under parts are buffy and the throat blackish. The crest, 

 wings, and tail are dull red. ^^ 



These birds are fine song- 

 sters and are frequently kept 

 in cages; both sexes sing. 

 They are resident birds wher- 

 ever they are found, and as 

 they are more easily and 

 frequently seen when the 

 foliage is off the trees they 

 are often called winter red 

 birds. (Cardinal Grosbeak.) 



Length, 8|; wing, 3:5 (3i-4) ; 

 tail, 4J-; tarsus, 1; culmen, |. 

 United States from tlie I'lains 

 eastward, nortla to the Great 

 Lakes and central New England ; 

 wintering about as far north as its 

 full range, and breeding througli- 

 out. CardiBal 



45. Texas Pyrrhuloxia (594^ Pyrrliuloxia sinuclta texana). — 

 A bird similar to the last, but lacking the black around the 

 bill, and the very short and convex bill is yellow or slightly 

 horn-color instead of red. Size practically the same as that of 

 the cardinal excejit the shorter 'culmen. Southern Texas and 

 Mexico, rarely to southern Louisiana. 



46. Rose-breasted Grosbeak (595. Zamelddia ludoviciclna). — 

 A common, heavy-billed, beautifully marked black, white, 

 and rose-colored bird. The head, back, wings, and tail are 

 mainly black; breast and under the wings rose color; blotches 

 on wings, rump, tips of under tail feathers, and belly white. 

 The female is very different. Upper parts streaky grayish- 

 brown, lower parts streaky buff. A broad conspicuous whitish 



