96 HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA 



characters identical with that of swine plague in the upper air 

 passages of healthy swine. The same year Moore reported the 

 presence of a like organism in the upper air passages of cattle, 

 horses, sheep, dogs and cats. The following year, Fiocca de- 

 scribed a pathogenic bacterium resembling that of rabbit septi- 

 cemia in the saliva of healthy cats and dogs. 



Hueppe proposed the name Bacillus septicemiae hevtor- 

 rhagicae for this group of organisms and septicemia hemor- 

 rhagica for the disease they produce. Lignieres has designated 

 the diseases caused by this group as Pasteurelloses. While 

 there may be objections to this unifying name, there seems to 

 be no .serious reason for not accepting it as a working hypoth- 

 esis. In 1898, Fennimore described under the name of "Wild 

 and Cattle Disease " a malady occurring in Eastern Tennessee. 

 Its serious nature caused an investigation to be made by the 

 Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station. Norgaard, who 

 assisted in this investigation, recognized it as the same disease 

 as that described by Bollinger in 1878. Fennimore states 

 that it has occurred to a considerable extent in his practice. 

 In 1 90 1, it was carefully studied by Wilson and Brimhall for 

 the Minnesota State Board of Health. They report 64 cases 

 of this affection which they have examined in cattle in the 

 state of Minnesota. In 1903, Rej'nolds described ,an investi- 

 gation into several outbreaks of this disease in the same state. 

 It is from the two latter reports that we draw very largely for 

 the symptoms and morbid anatomy of this disease in cattle. 



§ 79. Geographical distribution. It will be seen from 

 the history that this disease is a wide .spread malady occurring 

 in nearly every country. It appears to be quite prevalent in 

 the western and northern parts of the Mississippi valley. 

 It occurs in other localities more rarely. 



§ 80. Etiology. Septicemia hemorrhagica in cattle is 

 caused by an organism belonging to the group of bacteria 

 designated by Hueppe as the hemorrhagic septicemia group 

 and specifically named Bacillus bovisepticus by Kruse. This, 

 according to Migula's classification, should be Bacterium 



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