154 GLANDERS 



the nasal mucous membrane, which forms one of the charac- 

 teristics of the disease in the horse, rarely occurs in the guinea 

 pig as a result of inoculation. The disease is often prolonged 

 for several weeks or months. Guinea pigs succumb usually 

 in from eight to ten days when injected into the peritoneal 

 cavity with a virulent culture. In males, the testicles are 

 invariably affected. 



The period of incubation is not generally known. It evi- 

 dently varies from a few to many days. 



§ 132. Symptoms. Two forms of glanders have beeri 

 recognized, namely, acute and chronic. 



Acute glanders. Acute glanders is common in the ass and 

 mule, but infrequent in the horse. After a short period of in- 

 cubation the animal has a chill, elevation of temperature, a 

 profuse muco-purulent, sticky discharge, sometimes mixed 

 with blood, from the nose. Particles of food arrested in the 

 pharynx occasionally appear in the nasal discharge. If uni- 

 lateral the margin of the nostril swells," the mucosa is dark 

 red, infiltrated, marked with pea-like, yellowish elevations 

 with red areolae, which in a few days become eroded, thus 

 forming spreading ulcers. The submaxillary lymphatic 

 glands on the affected side become enlarged. There may, 

 however, be a uniform swelling of the intermaxillary space. 

 The course is rapid and death ensues in from the sixth to the 

 fifteenth day. The acute form rarely if ever becomes chronic. 



Chro7iic glanders. In the horse, this form of the disease 

 may begin with a chill but usually the onset is very insidious. 

 There may be a muco-purulent, sticky discharge, sometimes 

 streaked with blood, from one or both nostrils. There may 

 be intermittent or continued lameness, arthritis, edema of a 

 limb, swelling of a testicle, cough, or epistaxis. There is 

 usually a nodular but comparatively painless swelling of the 

 submaxillary lymph gland on the affected side. On palpation 

 the swelling imparts a sensation suggestive of a number of 

 peas. They are adherent to the adjacent structures. The 

 nasal mucosa is congested, of a dark reddish color and 



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