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GLANDERS 



degeneration, the nodules become yellowish in color, dis- 

 charge and form ulcers. These ulcers are sometimes super- 

 ficial, sometimes deep, 

 lenticular or crateri- 

 form, surrounded by 

 a hard, indurated 

 edge, and frequently 

 becoming confluent, 

 with irregularly ser- 

 rated and eroded 

 edges. They are 

 sometimes covered 

 with a brownish crust. 

 The ulcers may in- 

 crease in area or in 

 depth and may even 

 involve the underly- 

 ing cartilage or bone, 

 causing perforation of 

 the septum nasi, and 

 distensions of the 

 maxillary or exostoses 

 on the turbinated 

 bones. The shallow 

 lenticular ulcers may 

 heal without leaving 

 any visible changes ; 

 but the deeper ones, 

 after granulating, 

 leave a radiating, 

 star-shaped cicatrix 

 which is either smooth 

 or horny, and which, 

 according to the shape 

 of the ulcer, may be 

 of an irregular or oblong form. The nasal septum is frequently 

 covered with these scars. The ulcers and cicatrices are some- 



FiG. 24. Nasal septum and portion of 

 turbinated bone showing glanders ulcers 

 ivith two perforations ( Williams). 



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