158 



GLANDERS 



chords. 



In the trachea and even in the bronchi, particularly 

 on the anterior surface, numer- 

 ous long, oval ulcers or long, 

 pointed, serrated scars are fre- 

 quently found. In addition to 

 the ulcers, a catarrhal inflamma- 

 tion of the mucous membrane is 

 very apt to be present. 



Diffuse glanders manifests it- 

 self as a diffuse catarrh of the 

 mucous membrane of the nasal 

 and neighboring cavities, with 

 superficial ulceration, thrombosis 

 of the veins, inflammatory in- 

 filtration of the submucosa, con- 

 siderable thickening of the mu- 

 cous membrane and the forma- 

 tion of a peculiar, radiating cica- 

 trix. 



Both the nodular and infil- 

 trated forms are found in the 

 lungs. 



In the nodular form, the lungs 

 contain nodules* varying in size 

 from a millet seed to a pea. 

 They are gray by transmitted 



*Nocard showed that when glan- 

 dered horses are treated with mallein, 

 a certain proportion of them recover, 

 in which case nodules that are pres- 

 ent in the lungs cease to contain 

 living bacteria, a fact he has fully 

 proved by inoculation. Ou post- 

 mortem examination the nodules 

 may be readily felt by passing the 

 hand with firm pressure oyer the sur- 

 face of the lung, which, wh^n badly diseased, will feel like a bag full 

 of shot or peas. 



Fig. 26. Nasal septum from a 

 glandered horse showing two 

 large scars and several smal- 

 ler recent healing ulcers and 

 scars {Williams). 



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