2l8 TUBERCULOSIS 



3. Beginning 6 or 8 hours after the injection, the tem- 

 perature should be taken hourly, or at least every two hours, 

 for fully three- fourths of a day. 



4. During the time of testing, the cattle should be kept 

 quiet and free from all exposure, and fed normally. 



5. In case of reaction, there should be a rise of at least 

 1.5° F. above the maximum individual normal temperature as 

 determined on the preceding day. The elevation should come 

 on gradually, remaining practically at its fastigium for a few 

 hours and gradually subside. Erratic elevations of short dura- 

 tion are to be excluded. In cases of doubt the animals should 

 be retested. 



6. Animals advanced in pregnancy and those known to 

 be suffering from any other disease or in oestrum should not be 

 tested. All methods of treatment, including exposure to cold, 

 or kind of food and drink which would tend to modify the 

 temperature, should be avoided. Animals in which the disease 

 is far advanced sometimes fail to react. 



7. The dose should vary to correspond with the weight 

 of the animal. The dose for an adult cow of average weight is 

 0.25 c.c. of the concentrated Koch tuberculin. In cases of a 

 second test within a few days, the quantity of tuberculin 

 injected should be larger than for the first test. 



Ward has pointed out the fact that fowls do not give a 

 diagnostic reaction to tuberculin made from either the avian or 

 mammalian varieties of the tubercle bacteria. 



In cattle there is a marked variation in the normal daily 

 temperature. A fluctuation of two or even three degrees 

 within 24 hours is frequently found. Cold water when drunk 

 in considerable quantities lowers the temperature from two to 

 four degrees. A temporary excitement usually causes an eleva- 

 tion of from I to 1.5° F. There are also marked variations in 

 the temperature of the same animal on consecutive days. The 

 temperature at 12 noon and 12 midnight are often the same. 

 In some cases the maximum elevation for the day occurs near 

 midnight and on the following day the minimum temperature 

 appears at that time. It is not uncommon for the maximum 



Digitized by Microsoft® 



