CHAPTER VI. 



DISEASES CAUSEB BY BACTERIA 

 GENUS BACILLUS 



§ 178. General discussion of the genus bacillus. 

 The genus Bacillus in Migula's classification includes all rod- 

 shaped motile bacteria. In the older classifications it includes 

 both non-motile and motile forms. The fixing upon motility 

 as an essential generic character, and thus restricting the 

 genus Bacillus to motile forms, is the occasion of some con- 

 fusion between the genera Bacterium and Bacillus as applied 

 to a number of important disease-producing bacteria. It is 

 customary to speak of the Bacillus of anthrax, of tuberculosis 

 and of glanders rather than of the Bacterium, of these affections. 

 As in the genus bacterium, there are a number of species of 

 bacilli that are widely separated from each other. The 

 diseases which they produce give very different pictures both 

 clinically and in their morbid anatomy. 



HOG CHOLBRA 



Synonyms.'^ Swine fever ; pneumo-enteritis ; pig ty- 

 phoid ; Svinpest. 



% 179. Characterization. The distinguishing features 

 of this disease are a continuous fever, ulceration of the intes- 



*This disease is known popularly by a large number of names and 

 in some works on swine diseases many of them are employed. The 

 more common of these are enteric fever, typhus carbuncular fever, 

 carbuncular gastro-enteritis, carbuncular typhus, pig distemper, blue 

 sickness, blue disease, purples, red soldier, anthrax fever, scarlatina, 

 measles, diphttieria and erysipelas. Many of the terms appear to refer 

 to some one or more of the observed symptoms or lesions. 



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