REFERENCES 275 



antitoxin was injected intracerebrally 23 recovered and 25 

 died, a mortality of 52.08 per cent. 



Some interesting experiments suggested by Krokiewitz 

 directed toward the finding of a specific treatment consist in 

 the injection of an emulsion of brain substance. Primarily 

 this method of treatment is based upon the hypothesis, set up 

 by Goldscheider and Flatau, who, as a result of their research 

 came to the conclusion that ' 'The morphological changes in 

 the nerve cells are the expression of a chemical process, i. e., 

 of the chemical combination of the toxins with the nerve 

 cells. Every nerve cell possesses atom groups which have a 

 certain aflBnity for the atom groups of the tetanus toxin and 

 are able to combine with them." Wassermann and Takaki 

 substantiated this hypothesis experimentally. These observers 

 injected into experimentally tetanized animals an emulsion of 

 spinal cord, obtained from a freshly killed animal, to test, if 

 possible, whether the nerve cells of the dead animal also have 

 this afSnity for the tetanus toxin, like the nerve cells of the 

 living animal. By this experiment, they have come to the 

 conclusion that every part of the nervous system, particularly 

 the brain of the examined animals including man, has a 

 definite and positive tetanus antitoxic power ; and that the 

 injection of normal brain substance into experimentally 

 tetanized animals has the power to save life. Further work in 

 this direction is necessary to fully demonstrate the eflSciency 

 of this procedure. 



REFERENCES. 



1. vonBehring und KiTasaXO. Ueber das Zustandekommen 

 der Diphtherie-Immunitat und der Tetanus-Immunitat bei Thieren. 

 Deutsche Med. Wochenschrifi, Bd. XVI (1890), S. 113. 



2. KiTASATO. Ubei-den Tetanusbacillus. Zeit. f. Hygiene, Bd. 

 VII (1889), S. 225. 



3. KiTASATo. Experimentelle Untersuchungen iiber das Tetanus- 

 gift. Zeit. f. Hygiene, Bd. X (1891), S. 267. 



4. MosCHCOwiTZ. Tetanus, a study of the nature, excitant, 

 lesions, symptomatology, and treatment of the disease, with a critical 

 summary of the results of serum therapy. Studies from the Depart- 



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