368 ICTERO-HEMATURIA 



26. Smith and Kilborne. Annual Report, Bureau of Animal 

 Industry, 1891-2. (Issued iSgs). 



27. Stubs. Report New York State Board of Health, 1868. 



28. Stockman. Some points to be considered in connection with 

 Rhodesian redwater. Jour. Conip. Path, and Thera., Vol. XVIII 

 (1905), p. 64. 



29. ThehER and Stockman. Some observations and experi- 

 ments in connection with Tropical bovine piroplasmosis (East-coast- 

 fever or Rhodesian Redwater). Jour. Comp. Path, and Thera., Vol. 

 XVII {1904), p. 193- 



ICTERO-HEMATURIA IN SHEEP 



Synonyms. Carceag ; hemaglobinuria in sheep ; Piro- 

 plasmosis in sheep. 



§ 274. Characterization. This is an enzootic disease 

 characterized by a rise of temperature with chill, and later 

 icterus and marked changes in the blood due to a specific para- 

 site invading its red blood corpuscles. 



§ 275. History. In 1892, Babes pointed out the con- 

 stant presence of an intraglobular parasite in the blood of 

 sheep suffering from an enzootic hemoglobinuria in Roumania. 

 Bonome studied the same affection in Italy in 1895. Williams 

 described this disease in Montana in the same year. He did 

 not, however, report the finding of the parasite or record its 

 description. 



§ 276. Geographical distributions. The piroplasma 

 infection of sheep has been found in several places in Europe. 

 Its existence in the United States is in question, although the 

 description given by Williams of the disease he found suggests 

 very strongly a Piroplasma origin. 



§ 277. Etiology. Piroplasma ovis is the specific cause. 

 This organism is very closely related to Piroplasma bigeminum 

 of Texas fever. 



§ 278. Symptoms. At the beginning the symptoms 

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