EQUINB MALARIA 369 



are said to be severe. There is a rise of temperature usually 

 with a chill. After one or two days icterus appears. The 

 urine is occasionally of a reddish brown color, due to the 

 presence of hemoglobin. Death is preceded by a collapse in 

 which the temperature is subnormal. The duration of the 

 disease is usually but a few days. 



§ 279. Morbid anatomy. The subcutaneous tissues 

 are infiltrated with a yellowish colored liquid. The blood is 

 thin and watery. The muscles are pale and edematous. The 

 mucous membranes of the pharynx and intestines are often 

 hemorrhagic. The liver is small, soft and yellowish in color. 

 The spleen is usually slightly enlarged. The kidneys are soft 

 and friable. There usually occurs a parenchymatous nephritis. 



§ 280. Differential diagnosis.- This disease is posi- 

 tively diagnosed by finding the piroplasma in the blood. It is 

 to be differentiated from anthrax, in which the specific organ- 

 ism is readily found in the blood and organs. 



REFERENCES 



1. Babes. L'etiologie d'une enzootie des moutons denommee 

 Carceag en Roumanie. Comp. R. de I'Acad. des Sciences, Vol. CXV 

 (1892), p. 359. 



2. Bono ME. Uber parasitare Ictero-Haematurie der Schafe, Ein 

 Beitrag zum Studium der Amobo-Sporidien. Archiv. fur. path^ 

 Anatomie, Bd. CXXXIX, S. i. 



3. Williams. The parasitic Ictero-Haematuria of Sheep. Bulletin 

 No. S, Moil. Agric. Exp. Citation, 1&95, also Amer. Vet. Review, 1897,. 

 P- 377- 



EQUINE MALARIA 



Synonyms. Piroplasmosis in horses ; South African 

 horse sickness ; "Biliary fever." 



§ 281. Characterization. This affection of horses is 

 characterized by a high temperature and a yellowish tint of the 

 mucous membranes. The spleen is enlarged and the blood 

 contains a Piroplasma equi. 



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