388 ENTERO-HEPATITIS IN TURKEYS 



vessel or else they occupy the lumen of the vessel itself. 



In still older cases the diseased areas are found more or 

 less filled with small round cells which may have passed into 

 the dead regions from the blood vessels. In all cases the 

 latter are more or less enlarged and they seem to encroach 

 upon the liver tissue, thus filling in part the void produced by 

 the cell death and giving the surface of the liver a brownish, 

 mottled appearance wherever the disease spots are. The 

 processes of advancing disease and necrosis or death of tissue 

 on the one hand and of repair on the other seem to go on side 

 by side, now one, now the other, predominating. 



The results of the investigations thus far made indicate 

 that the disease may follow several courses. 



1. After a certain period of disease, regenerative pro- 

 cesses begin which tend toward a permanent recovery. 



2. The disease may proceed so rapidly from the very 

 start that the affected turkeys die early in life. 



3. The disease may come to a standstill but the amount 

 of dead tissue in the ceca and liver may be so great as to favor 

 the entrance of bacteria which are directly responsible for the 

 death of the bird late in the summer or fall. 



The description of the lesions of a turkey dead of this 

 disease is appended. It is quoted from Smith's report. 



" Turkey No. 14. — About 5 months old. Taken from a flock August 

 8 because of lack of strength to keep up with the rest when driven. 

 Indications of diarrhoea. Placed in a coop, where it died during the 

 night. Examined next morning. 



"Slight odor of decomposition. A few small warts on skin of neck. 

 The various organs were found normal, with the following exceptions : 



"Mucosa of duodenum almost blackish, from intense injection and 

 pigmentation of villi. 



"Both caeca diseased. The left is slightly distended. On serous 

 aspect two yellowish spots, with markedly injected borders, correspond- 

 ing to thickenings of the walls near the blind end of tube. The mucous 

 surface of one is smooth ; to the other an exudate is attached. Besides 

 the thickening of these spots, the free half of this caecum is somewhat 

 thickened uniformly. 



"The right caecum is very much distended over two-thirds of its 

 length. From the serous surface local thickenings are recognizable. 



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