MORBID ANATOMY 



405 



of his cases among mules in Burma. In India this ulceration 

 has not been observed among horses as a sequence of surra. 

 In the Philippines changes in the intestine due to anemia with 

 occasional ulcers are reported. 



The clinical aspect of surra is essentially one of progres- 

 sive anemia, accompanied by paroxysms and intermissions, 

 during both of which there is a natural decrease in the number 

 of the red blood corpuscles and in the amount of hemoglobin 

 in the blood, with consequent anemia of the visible mucous 

 membranes. 



The importance of this disease renders it desirable to 

 reprint "A preliminary note on a parasitic disease of horses, " 

 by Capt. Allen M. Smith and Dr. J. J. Kinyoun, from the 

 Army Pathological Laboratory, Manila, October 17, 1901, as 

 it gives a good idea of the appearance of the disease. The 

 accompanying photograph showing trypanosoma was taken by 

 Smith and Kinyoun at that time. 



" On October 15, 1901, information was given by J. W. Jobbing, 

 Assistant Bacteriologist of the Board of Health of Manila, that an epi- 

 demic sickness of an undetermined nature was now prevailing in this 

 city, and also that he had just taken a specimen of blood from a sick 

 animal w'hich on examination revealed the presence of a parasite, 

 whether this was accidental or was the causative agent of the disease in 

 question, he was unable to saj-. On investigation and inquiry it was 

 learned from the Veterinarian in charge of the corral of the Quarter- 

 master's Department, and from the City Veterinarian, that there was 

 now, and had been, a fatal epidemic among the horses in Manila, the 

 Quarter-master's Department having lost over 200 within the past four 

 months. 



" One of the corrals was visited by us on the isth inst. , where we 

 were shown, by the Veterinarians in charge, 20 horses and mules, ill 

 with an undetermined disease. These animals presented the several 

 stages of the malady, some were quite recently attacked, while others 

 had been ill for over two months. 



"The symptoms first noticed are : impairment of appetite, constipa- 

 tion, fever and thirst. These are followed within a few days by a rapid 

 and progressive emaciation. 



" The temperature for the first few days ranges from 104° to 107° F., 

 the pulse is full and strong. This may be termed the acute stage. Then 

 begins an asthenic state, which may terminate fatally within a variable 



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