420 DOURINE 



The kidneys are usually large, pale and blackened. The 

 thoracic organs may show little change, though hypostatic 

 congestions and foci of caseation or suppuration may be 

 present. The blood is light colored and forms a loose, pale 

 clot. There is a diminution in the number of red blood cells 

 and a relatively large increase in the number of leucocytes. 



In the mare, in addition to the lesions in the internal 

 organs and blood, the following may be noted in connection 

 with the generative system. Phlegmons or edematous swell- 

 ings, or ulcers on the lips of the vulva and on the vulvar and 

 vaginal mucosae. The parts become variously distorted. A 

 crop of pustules or vesicles which run into ulcers may appear 

 on the urethral orifice, the vulva and adjacent skin. The 

 mammary glands are sometimes inflamed, edematous and 

 tender, with suppurative or necrotic foci. The adjacent 

 lymph glands are enlarged by infiltration or contracted by 

 sclerosis. 



In the dog the symptoms and the lesions resemble those 

 in the horse. 



§ 323. Differential diagnosis. Dourine is to be dif- 

 ferentiated from the other forms of Trypanosoma disease, and 

 also from " Benign venereal disease." 



Dourine is characterized throughout by its intermittence. 

 As each fresh crop of parasites appears in their cycle of exist- 

 ence, there is an exacerbation of symptoms, but, in contra- 

 distinction to the malarial hematozoon of man and. the 

 piroplasma of cattle, there is no marked rise of temperature 

 and a correspondingly low fall. 



Williams describes a benign venereal disease of mares all 

 of which had been bred to an imported French draft horse. 

 He states that " the margins of the vulva retain their natural 

 color in this disease, except at the seat of eruptions, when the 

 color quickly returns. The vulva remains naturally closed, 

 and does not gape, as in maladie du colt. The clitoris retains 

 its natural color, size and appearance." The duration of this 

 affection is stated to be from two to six weeks, but may persist 



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