DIPHTHERIA IN FOWLS 485 



21. Salmon. Rabies, its cause, frequency and treatment. Year 

 Book, Dept. of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. 1900. 



22. Salmon. Rabies in the District of Columbia. Circular No. 

 JO, U. S. Bureau of Animal Industry, 1900. 



23. SuzoR. Hydrophobia. An account of M. Pasteur's system 

 1887. 



24. ScHiJDER. Der Negrische Erreger der Tollwuth. Deut. Med. 

 Wochenschrift, 1903, No. 39, S. 700. 



25. Van GehuchTEn and Nelis Diagnostic histologique de la 

 rage. Annates de Med. VH., Vol. XLIX (1900). p. 234. 



26. Way. The Negri bodies and the diagnosis of rabies. Amer. 

 Vet. Review, Vol. XXIX (1905), p. 937. 



27. Wesbrook and Wilson. Preliminary report on the labora- 

 tory diagnosis in twenty cases of suspected rabies. Trans. Am. Public 

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28. Williams and Lowde. The etiology and diagnosis of hydro- 

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DIPHTHERIA IN FOWIvS. 

 Synonyms. Roup*; pip ; canker ; swelled head. 



§ 376. Characterization. Diphtheria of birds is an in- 

 fectious disease the lesions of which first appear on the mucous 

 membrane of the nasal passages, the eyes, the mouth, the 

 pharynx and larynx, and which may extend to the trachea, 

 bronchi, the air .sacs, the intestines and possibly to other 

 abdominal organs. The disease is determined by a grayish- 

 yellow, fibrinous exudate which forms upon the mucous surface 

 of one or more of the parts mentioned. The exudate may be 

 so abundant as to obstruct the air passages. In some out- 

 breaks, it is very acute, progresses with great rapidity and de- 

 stroys most of the birds attacked. 



Fowls (genns Gallus) and pigeons (genus Columba) are 

 most commonly attacked and they are the only ones considered 



*The origin of this term is somewhat obscure, but it is supposed to 

 be a corruption of croup, and its application explained on account of a 

 peculiar hoarseness accompanying the respiration of the affected birds. 



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