SONG BIRDS OF ORCHARD AND WOODLAND. 169 
p- 150, in which an attempt was made to foster and pro- 
tect the birds in an old and neglected orchard, with a view 
to observing the effect of such a policy upon the trees. 
The Chickadees were at- 
tracted to the orchard in 
winter, and .were seen 
destroying thousands of 
eggs of the fall canker- 
worm moth, and many 
" Fig. 52.— Fall cankerworm moth: u, male 
egg-bearing females as moth; b, wingless female moth; c, d, structural 
details. 
well. <A few of the birds 
were killed, and their stomachs examined for evidence cor- 
roborative of our observations. The following notes are 
taken from the record of the experiment, as published in 
the annual report of the Massachusetts State Board of Agri- 
culture for 1895 : — 
Eggs of the fall cankerworm found in stomachs of Chickadees :— 
Eggs. Eggs. 
Bird No. 1, H . 273 | Bird No. 3, F 3 . 216 
Bird No. 2, j - . 261 , Bird No. 4, : 2 . 278 
Making in all ten hundred and twenty-eight eggs found in the stomachs 
of four birds. Four birds killed later in the season had eaten the 
female imagoes of the spring cankerworm (Paleacrita vernata), as 
follows : — 
Moths. Moths. 
Bird No. 1, . 7 . 41 | Bird No. 8, , 27 
Bird No. 2, 3 ‘ ‘ 18 | Bird No. 4, f % . 19 
Making a total of one hundred and five. In Nos. 2, 3, and 4 of the last 
table there were a large number of eggs also. It is safe to say that 
there were one hundred and fifty eggs in each stomach, in addition to 
the female moths eaten. 
Fig. 53. — Apple twig, with eggs of the cankerworm moth. These eggs are eaten by 
the Chickadee. 
Mr. C. E. Bailey carefully counted the eggs in the ovaries of twenty 
of these female moths, with the following results : — 
