Classification of Plants 209 



C. Perianth li\"pogynoiis. 



Ovary i -celled, placentas parietal, 



ovules many ..... XvRinACE.'E. 

 Ovary 3-2-celled, placentas axile, 



ovules few ..... CommI'Linace.i, 

 CC. Perianth epigvnous. 



Flowers unisexual, stamens 3 ; floating 



herbs ...... Hvdrocharitace,e. 



Flowers perfect, stamens r, gynan- 



drous ...... Okchidace^e. 



Class II. — Dicotvledons. 



Series I. — Archichlamydese. 



Perianth either (i) absent; (2) in one whorl, simple, petaloid or sepaloid; 

 (3) in two whorls, the inner polypetalous ; (4) in two whorls, the inner 

 sympetalous (rare, where nearest relatives are polypetalou ), or (5) in one 

 whorl by the abortion of the inner whorl (apetalous). Ovules usually 

 with two integuments. 



A. Perianth wantmg (Achlamvdeous). 



B. Carpels apocarpous or svncarpous ; 

 fiowers perfect or dioecious. 

 Fruit a berry; seed i basal, orthotrop- 

 ous ; jointed shrubs or herbs ; frequently 

 root climbers or epiphytes . . . Piperace.e. 



BB. Carpels syncarpous, flowers dicecious. 



Fruit a capsule, seeds many, hairy ; 



trees ....... Salicace.^. 



Fruit a waxy berry, seed i, shrubs . Mykicace.e. 

 AA. Perianth simple {Homochlamvdeous). 

 B. Calyx bract-like, usually green. 

 C. Perianth hypogynous. 



D. Carpels apocarpous or syncarpous. 

 Fruit of many i-seeded carpels . . Phytolaccace-^. 



DD. Carpels syncarpous. 



E, Ovules basal ; erect herbs or 

 shrubs, fruit an achene or nut; 

 partial inflorescences at least, 

 cvmose. 

 F. Leaves exstipulate ; ovules cam- 

 pylotropous. 

 Ovule I ; calyx herbaceous ; ha- 



lophytic herbs . . . Chenopodiace.e. 



Ovule i-many; calyx membran- 

 ous ; not halophvtes . . Amarantace.^. 



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