28 Field Museum of Natural History — Zoology, Vol. IX. 



GROUP 4. Toes, four, not full webbed; small webs be- 

 tween toes at base, or toes entirely without webs; 

 hind toe, sometimes very small. 



SECTION 1. Hind toe, raised above level of front toes. 



Avocet. Avocet. 



Tarsus, over 3.50 inches long; bill, curved upward or straight. 

 Family RECURVIROSTRIDiE. Avocets. 



See pages 91, 95. 



Tarsus less than 3.50 inches long, with transverse scales in front; 

 middle toe and claw together shorter than bill, except a few of the 

 small species, which have middle toe and claw equal to or longer than 

 bill ; but all such have the belly and under tail coverts pure white in 

 most plumages. 



Family SCOLOPACID.S. Snipe, Curlews, Sandpipers, etc. 



See pages 91, 96. 



Turnstone (bill). 



Turnstones. 



