Jan., 1909. Birds of Illinois and Wisconsin — Cory. 



199 



Bill, pale brown (not reddish brown ) ; un- 

 der parts, dull white (not grayish on sides as 

 in the Chipping Sparrow ) ; crown and back, 

 pale grayish brown, streaked with black; 

 rump, grayish brown (not slate gray as in the 

 Chipping Sparrow). Spizella pallida. 



Clay-colored Sparrow. 

 See No. 261. 



* GROUP 4. Wing, 2.75 to 3.25 inches long. 



PART 1. The following species have the throat, or under parts, more 

 or less red, blue, green, or yellow: — 



Mandibles, crossed; general plumage, dull red; wings, brownish; 

 no white on wings (male ) . . Loxia curvirostra minor . 



American Crossbill. 



See No. 238. 



Mandibles, crossed; no white on wings ; under parts, greenish. 



Loxia curvirostra minor (f em-ale). 

 American Crossbill. 



See No. 238. 



Mandibles, crossed; more or less red on under parts, head, and 

 back; wing bars, white. Loxia leucoptera (male). 



White-winged Crossbill. 



See No. 239. 



*For directions for measurement, see page 21. 



