124 FLOWER GARDENING 
best advantage. They are very serviceable in small 
gardens to raise the height of the center or rear 
of a bed or border, to define entrances and to 
multiply vistas by blocking a view. In long bor- 
ders they may be made to form bays for peren- 
nials; or there may be a dotting of them for ac- 
cents of flower color or evergreen foliage. 
Perennials, biennials, annuals and bulbs all work 
in well with shrubs, if the planting is done with 
understanding. There is no better place for some 
of the best lilies than among rhododendrons. And 
there are perennials that enjoy, if they do not de- 
mand, the partial shade that planting among or 
near shrubs gives them. Plant such accordingly; 
the other perennials in the open spaces. Where 
shrubs are placed far apart to provide for future 
expansion, mass perennials—they can be removed 
later—or use a combination of spring bulbs and 
annuals or biennials. 
Often the best results with shrubs are obtained 
by using them chiefly for a more or less formal 
massing around the garden. Privet, hawthorn, al- 
thea, barberry and flowering quince are among 
those available for clipped hedges. Generally the 
naturalistic effects are the most beautiful of all. 
For these plantings, and for shrubberies any- 
where else on the grounds, draw upon other classes 
of plants to fill every bit of space that is going 
begging. Whether the spaces offers full sun, half 
shade or complete shade, some plant will find it a 
congenial home. Shrubberies are always a good 
