MISCELLANEOUS CROPS. 137 



of a green colour. Those of Pontia rapce liave rows of 

 yellow spots along eaoh side, while those of Pontia napi 

 are of a reddish hue. The pupse of P. rapce are a fleshy- 

 brown colour, spotted with black, while those of P. 

 napi are pale green or yellow with brown tips. The 

 perfect insects measure about two inches across the 

 wings. The anterior wings of the " Small White " are 

 white with blackish tips, and two black spots on each 

 wing. The posterior wings are white above and yellow 

 below. The anterior pair of the " Green-veined " are 

 white with greyish tips and veins. There are also two 

 black spots nearly in the centre of each wing. The under 

 surface of the anterior wings is yellow with darker veins 

 and spots. The posterior wings are white above and 

 lemon-yellow below with greenish-coloured veins. P. 

 brassicas, P. rapce, and P. napi all feed upon turnips as 

 well as cabbages. 



Prevention and Cure. — See those already recommended 

 for Pontia hrassicce. 



The Turnip Moths, already described, also attack 

 cabbage plants. 



The Cabbage Moth {Mamestra hrassicce) vies with 

 the cabbage butterflies in the injury which it does to 

 oleraceous plants. The moths are of a brown colour, and 

 the anterior wings are marked with black streaks. The 

 posterior wings are brown with a greyish base. The eggs 

 are laid on the leaves, where they are hatched in four or 

 five days. The larvse (which feed upon the host-plants) 

 are green, with dusky stripes on the back, and dingy 

 yellow ones on each side. When fully grown, the larvae 

 are about an inch and a quarter in length. They turn to 

 the pupal stage in the earth, where they hibernate until 

 the following summer. 



