22 

 may be arranged as follows: Hymenoptera Lepidoptera, Dip- 

 tera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Orthoptera and Neuroptera. In 

 pollination the last three may be excluded. 



frhe most important pollinators in the order Hymenopteirq, 

 are honey-bees, bumble-bees, wasps, Halictus, Andrena and 

 Anthophora. The mouth parts of bees are especially con- 





FIG. 11. 

 Fig. 11.— Left hand Ague, head of Bombtis aororum with mouth parts separ- 

 ated, magDified five times. Right hand figure that of hive-bee in the same 

 position seen from below, magnified twelve times; pi labial palpi modified into 

 a tongue sheath, y submentum (fulcrum,) zz^ retractors, i. e. those ehitinous 

 pieces which unite the submentum with the ends of the cardines, and as they 

 revolve backwards round the ends of the cardines, retract the mentum and its 

 appendages, U ligula, pm maxillary palpi, md mandibles, o eyes, Ibr labrum, la 

 lamina. (After Hermann Mueller.) 



structed for the purpose of collecting nectar. The mouth 



