28 THE CULTURE OF THE GRAPE. 



inches from the one that is made to secure the sash, 

 when shut, that it can be kept open to allow the air to 

 enter the house as wanted, in greater or smdiler quanti- 

 ty ; an iron pin secures this plate to the staple. On tiie 

 ends, the lower sashes are made like the side ones, but 

 they are all stationary. (In this house, only every other 

 one of the sashes are made to open ; they can all b^ au, 

 if desired.) The sashes above the plata aro made to tit 

 the inclination of the roof. 



The roof is formed by rafters made of plank ; they 

 are about thirteen feet long, two inches thick, and nine 

 inches wide. A strip of wood, the length of the lower 

 sash, is nailed to the rafter to support this on the roof. 

 Another piece is nailed on the upper part to support the 

 other sash ; this must be put on in a line with the lip on 

 the lower sash to allow the upper to run over the under 

 sash ; this lip is four eighths of an inch thick. On the 

 top of the lower sash is a piece of hard pine for the roll- 

 ers of the upper to run over, of which rollers there are 

 two on each side of the upper sash ; they are of cast iron, 

 secured to an iron plate, and screwed on the under part 

 of the stile. The roof-sashes are not of the same length, 

 the top ones being made shorter than the lower to run 

 up and down more easily, the difference being about two 

 feet. 



The bottom rail of the lower sash of the roof is four 

 and one half inches wide ; the top rail is two and thiee 

 fourths inches ; the stile is two and one fourth inches 

 wide, and one and three eighths thick ; this is nailed at 

 the bottom to the plate, and on the side to the rafters. 



In the upper sash, the stiles are the same as in the an- 



