THE CULTURE OF THE GRAPE. 127 



Never allow any of the leaves of the vine to be taken 

 off for the purpose of admitting the sun to the grapes. 



If aphis, or the vine-fretter, appear on the vine, fumi- 

 gating the house with tobacco will destroy them. If red 

 spiders are troublesome, moisture and sulphur are the 

 only remedies ; syringing the vines at evening, and 

 dusting the leaves with flour of sulphur. 



In September, all but the last lateral on the spurs 

 should be cut out. 



When the leaves are off, early in November, cut back 

 the leading cane, leaving four feet only of the new, or 

 this year's growth ; this M'ill now make the entire length 

 of the cane twelve or thirteen feet ; cut back, close to 

 the old wood, the spurs that have fruited this year ; those 

 that have not, cut back to one eye, or bud, to bear fruit 

 the coming season ; clean and put over the vines the 

 soap and sulphur, as before ; and, the first of December, 

 lay them down and cover them, as last season. Washing 

 the back wall of the grapery with fionr of sulphur, added 

 to common lime whitewash, will destroy insects, and 

 have a tendency to prevent mildew in Summer. 



If the spurs are too close together, you can cut out 

 those that are not wanted ; they should not be nearer 

 together than four inches ; this would make them eight 

 inches apart on each side the cane, and closer than they 

 are often grown ; if nearer, they would obstruct the 

 light. 



Fourth Year, 



The fourth year, follow the same directions for venti- 



