GLOSSARY 245 



Embryo (a rudimentary animal). The rudimentary plantlet, as in the 



seed. 

 Embryo sac. The cavity which contains the female gametophyte of a 



seed plant and later the embryo and endosperm (if present) in the 



Emergence. An outgrowth from the surface of a plant not (like a hair) 

 arising solely from the epidermis nor (like a thorn) from a bud. 



Endosperm (within the seed). A parenchymatous tissue formed within 

 the embryo sac and often developed into the principal mass of 

 reserve material in the seed. 



Entomophilous (insect loving). A term applied to plants that are pol- 

 linated by insects. 



Enzyme (in yeast). An unorganized or soluble ferment (such as dias- 

 tase) which is not associated with any organism. 



Epidermis (upon the skin). The cellular skin or covering of the plant 

 body inside the cuticle. 



Epigynous. A term applied to flowers in which the stamens and perianth 

 appear to grow from the top of the ovary. 



Epiphyte (upon a plant). A plant which grows upon other plants but 

 not parasitically, — an air plant. 



Eusporangiate. A term applied to pteridophytes the sporangia of which 

 arise from a group of cells. 



Family. A taxonomic group standing between genus and order. 



Fertilization. The fusion of two sexual cells, especially the fusion of the 

 sperm with the egg. 



Fiber. A slender, thick-walled cell, many times longer than its width. 



Fibro-vascular. Composed of fibers and vessels, as a fibro-vascular bundle. 



Filament (a thread). The stalk of a stamen bearing the anther. 



Fission. The process of cell division by a gradual pinching in two of 

 the cell. 



Flower. An assemblage of organs in the seed plants necessary for ferti- 

 lization, often with protecting envelopes. The flower of the angio- 

 sperms when bisexual usually consists of a perianth, stamens, and 

 pistil or pistils. 



Foot. A portion of the sporophyte set apart to absorb water or nourish- 

 ment from the gametophyte. 



Formation. An ecological term denoting a well-defined assemblage of 

 plants characteristic of a given kind of station, as a peat bog. 



Frond (a leaf). The leaf of a fern, generally both vegetative and spore 

 producing in its functions. 



Fruit. The ripened seed case and its contents, or, in a broader sense, a 

 spore-producing structure of the lower plants. 



Fundamental tissue. The general ground tissue (mostly undifferentiated) 

 in which fibro-vascular bundles and other specialized tissues arise. 



Funiculus (a little rope). The stalk by which the ovule or seed is at- 

 tached to the placenta. 



