ig EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN. 



twenty-four instances taken, mostly, from Gleanings in Bee Culture and 

 the American Bee Journal. 



I. Classification of Certain Kecorded Attempts to Control Mating: ^ 

 a. Instances of mating during confinement in one way or another 

 1 Workers allowed to fly in the open, but queens and drones con- 

 fined bT"QuTen1rDrone Lcluders" so that they could Ay -^y m a 

 large enclosure of screen, cloth-netting, f f^^'.^'\^l^' g^ CuTture 

 Vol. 24, 1888, p. 487-6 queens successful; Davitt Adv. ^^e t^ultme 

 by Hutchison, 1905-100 queens in one summer; Church, Gleanings in 

 Rpp nnltnre Vol 34, No. 24 — 1 queen. . , 



^t "^WorTerl, queens and drones all confined in greenhouse, or^.n large 

 tent. McLain Am. Bee J., Vol. 23, 1887-1 queen out of 6-later, 6 

 queens out of 6 ; Hohenshell, Am. Bee J., Vol. 23, 1887-2 queens 



3. Queen and drones confined in a small nucleus above a colony by 

 screen or by a Queen and Drone Excluding honey-board, but allowed to 

 fly in a small glass or cloth covered mating box placed over the nucleus. 

 Cramer, Am. Bee J., Vol. 17, p. lfl-2 queens; Filbert, Am. Bee J., Vo L 

 16-1 queen; Hasbrouck, Am. Bee J., Vol. 11, 1873— many queens fertil- 

 ized, also had many failures; Arms, Am. Bee J., 18S], p. 50-has had 



goocl satisfaction. ^ , . j.i, + 



4. Virgin queen and drone, without workers, confined together at 

 right time in a small mating chamber— glass or cloth-covered top. Has- 

 brouck, Am. Bee J., Vol. 15, p. .519—3 queens; Fincastle, Am. Bee J., 

 XVII, 1881—5 queens; Brown, Gleanings in Bee Culture, 1884, p. 674 — 

 1 queen. 



5. Virgins not able to fly from hive because of imperfect wmgs or be- 

 cause wings were clipped. Cook, Gleanings in Bee Culture, Vol. X, p. 

 544_1 queen; also Am. Bee J., Vol. 21, p. 1.54— rarely in confinement in 

 hive; Brown, Gleanings in Bee Culture, \'III, p. 33—1 queen; Davis, 

 Am. Bee J., Yo]. 15—1 queen ; Bagby, Am. Bee J., Vol. 15, p. 553—1 

 queen. 



6. Queen tied to a thread so that she could fly only above the home 

 yard. Shuck, Am. Bee J., 1882, p. 789—1 queen. 



b. Instances of "Artificial Fertilization" by hand : 



1. By squeezing drops of sperm-fluid from the drone organ into the 

 vulva of the queen. Balch, Am. Bee J., Vol. 23, 1887 — had practiced this 

 on queens with defective wings for 15 or 20 years; McLain, Am. Bee J., 

 Vol. 23, and Baldwin reported by McLain — certain of 25 queens. 



2. By squeezing contents of seminal vesicles (dissected out) directly 

 into the vulva. McLain, Am. Bee J., ^"ol. 23 — 3 queens. 



3. By diluting sperm-fluid and using a pipette or syringe to intro- 

 duce the fluid into the vagina. McLain, Am. Bee J., Vol. 23 — 6 queens 

 out of 27; Jager and Howard, Science, N. S., Vol. XL, No. 1037, p. 720 

 — 1 queen. 



•The sizes of the confining cages described in the references cited in tliis outline -vary from 

 an enclosure 30 ft. in diameter and 30 ft. high to a 2 quart giass fruit jar. 



The A. I. Root Co., is now conducting a mating experiment in a large 'greenhouse nearly 600 

 tt. long, 60 ft. wide and 30 ft. high. 



Phillips (Beekeeping by Phillips, p. 69) has reported attempts at mating, in a large glass 

 covered enclosure, without success. 



