SQUATINIDiE. — XII. 19 



16. CARCHARODON Andrew Smith. (_Kdpxapos, jagged ; 

 oSaiv, tooth.) 



21. C. carcharias (L.). Man-eater Shark. Great White 

 Share. First dorsal somewhat behind pectorals. Color leaden- 

 gray, P. edged with black. L. 25 feet. Most voracious of all sharks, 

 and next in size to Cetorhinus, weighing nearly a ton. Warm seas, 

 occasional off our coasts. Linnaeus says, " Jonam prophetam ut vete- 

 res Herculem, in hujus trinoctem ventriculo tridui spateo, bsesisse 

 verosimile est." The fossil teeth of a far larger extinct species, 

 Carcharodon megalodon, are often found in tertiary beds along our 

 South Atlantic coast. (_Eu.) (^Kapxapias, old name of large sharks.) 



Family XI. CBTORHINID^. (The Basking Sharks.) 



Largest of all fishes ; immense sharks with the gill openings ex- 

 tremely wide, nearly meeting above and below ; mouth moderate ; 

 teeth very small, numerous, conical, simple ; no nictitating mem- 

 brane ; spiracles very small ; first dorsal and pectorals large ; sec- 

 ond and anal small ; caudal lunate, the upper lobe the larger ; tail 

 keeled on the side. One species, a huge, sluggish creature, found 

 in Northern seas. 



17. CETORHINUS BlainviUe. (ktjtos, whale ; ptVij, a shark.) 



22. C. mazimus (Gunner). Basking Shark. Head small, 

 snout blunt. Gray. L. 35 feet ; depth nearly 6 feet. Open sea, 

 S. to Va. (£m.) 



Family XII. SQUATINIDiB. (The Angel-fishes.) 

 Ray-like sharks, with the body depressed, the pectoral fins very 

 large, expanded in the plane of the body, the anterior margin bear- 

 ing some resemblance to the bend of the wing in birds ; ventrals 

 very large ; dorsal fins two, small, subequal, behind ventrals ; cau- 

 dal small ; no anal ; gill openings wide, subinferior, partly hidden 

 by base of pectoral ; spiracles wide, crescent-shaped, behind eyes ; 

 mouth and nostrils anterior ; teeth small, conical, pointed, distant. 

 A single species, in most seas. The singularly formed pectoral fins 

 give an absurd resemblance to the conventional pictures of angels. 



18. SQUATINA Dum^ril. (Rkina Giinther.) (Latin name, 



from squatus, skate.) 



23. S. squatina (L.). Angel-pish. Monk-fish. Skin rough, 

 with small, stiff prickles ; ashy gray above, usually much mottled. 

 L. 3 or 4 feet. Warm seas, rarely N. (£«.) 



Order V. BAI^. (The Rays.) 



The Rays, as a whole, differ from the sharks in having the 

 gill openings underneath the flat disk formed by the body and the 



