30 TELEOSTOMI. 



V. Anal rays more than 20 PoMATOMTOiB, 67. 



FF. Anal rays less than 20 Pekcid/B, 63. 



UUU. Anal spines three. 



W. Pseudobranchiae small, fleshy, covered by skin. 



Centkarchid^s, 62, 

 W W. Pseudobranchiae large, exposed. 

 X Maxillary slipping under preorbital for its whole length. 



Spaeid^, 66. 

 XX. Maxillary not slipping under preorbital for its whole length. 



Serranid.«, 64. 



UnUU. Anal spines, 4 to 10 Centbaechid^, 62. 



TT. Vomer without teeth. 



Y. Teeth setiform (tooth-brush like) ; soft parts of vertical fins 

 densely scaly; body elevated ; dorsal deeply notched. 



EphippiDjE, 71. 

 YY. Teeth not setiform. 

 Z. Lateral line obsolete ; dorsal spines about i. 



Elassomatid^, 61. 

 ZZ. Lateral line present, 

 u. Anal spines 1 or 2 ; a large slit behind fourth gill. 

 h. Lateral line extending on caudal fin ; snout scaly. . . Sci^^nid^, 68. 

 bb. Lateral line not extendingon caudal fin ; snout scaleless. 



PEKCIDiE, 63. 



aa. Anal spines 3. 



c. Slit behind fourth gill none; lower pharyngeals completely united; 



jaws with canines in front Labbid.£, 70. 



cc. Slit behind fourth gill large, 

 d. Anal with more than 15 soft rays; preopercle serrate. 



Stkomateid.^, 58. 

 dd. Anal with less than 15 soft rays, 

 c. Maxillary slipping beneath the broad preorbital for its whole 



length; dorsal spines more than 10 Spakid.*, 66. 



*e. Maxillary not slipping beneath the narrow preorbital. 

 y Dorsal spines 12; premaxillaries moderately protractile; pseu- 

 dobranchiae large Lobotid^, 65. 



yy Dorsal spines 9 or 10; , premaxillaries extremely protractile; 



pseudobranchiae concealed Gerrid^e, 69. 



FF. Ventral fins with or without spine ; the number of rays not I, 5. 



X. Upper jaw prolonged in a sword Istiophorid-e, 53. 



ax. Upper jaw not sword-like. 



f. Dorsal fin low, of spines only Blenkiid^, 83. 



ff. Dorsal fin of spines anteriorly, of soft rays posteriorly. 

 g. Ventral rays 7 ; vent anterior ; dorsal spines 3 or 4. 



APHREDODERIDiB, 60. 



gg. Ventral rays 1, 1 ; dorsal spines free; vent normal ; body mailed. 



GasterosteiDjE, 45. 

 ggg. Ventral rays 1,4; body scaly; pectoral fin divided to base in 



two unequal parts CEPHALACANTHiDiE, 75. 



fff. Dorsal of soft rays anteriorly, with low spines posteriorly. 



Lyoodid-b, 86, 

 ffff. Dorsal fin of soft rays only. 



