126 TELEOSTEI: ACANTHOPTERI. — XX. 



335. E. lougimane Jordan. Body moderately slender ; head 

 long, bluntish anteriorly, profile of snout steep and nearly straight ; 

 mouth moderate, included ; maxillary to front of eye ; cheeks nearly 

 or quite naked ; opercles somewhat scaly, nape naked ; dorsals very 

 high ; A. spines small. OUvaceous, with 5 dark cross-shades ; a 

 dark spot at base C, fins nearly plain. Head 4 ; depth 5. D. IX 

 or X-12 or 13. A. II, 8. Scales 6-43-7. L. 2^. James R., Va. 

 (Lat., longus, long ; manus, hand.) 



qq. P. moderate, not reaching A. 



336. li. sbumardi (Girard). Body robust; head broad and 

 thick ; mouth large, scarcely inferior ; cheeks, opercles and nape 

 scaly ; breast naked ; fins all large. Dark olive, blotched with 

 darker ; sides with 8 to 10 vague bars ; a small black spot on front 

 of spinous D. ; a large one behind ; fins barred ; suborbital stripe 

 large, black. Head 3| ; depth 5. D. X, 15. A. II, 11. Scales 

 6-56-11. L. 3. Wabash E. to Ark., in larger streams. (To 

 Dr. George C. Shumard.) 



ce. Premaxillaries not protractile (the skin of the middle of the upper jaw 

 continuous with that of the forehead). 

 p. Cranium broad between the eyes; snout conic, pig-like, projecting be- 

 yond the inferior mouth; ventral line with a series of larger scales 

 which fall off, leaving a naked strip; dorsal spines 13 to 15; gill 

 membranes separate ; scales small ; vertebrae 23 -|- 21 = 44. (Per- 

 cina 1 Haldeman.) 



337. E. caprodes Rafinesque. Log Perch. Hog-pish. 

 Crawl-a-bottom. Body elongate; fins rather low; cheeks and 

 opercles scaly. Yellowish green with about 15 dark cross-bands, 

 these usually alternating with shorter and fainter bands ; a black 

 spot at base of C; fins barred. Head 4; depth 6. D. XV- 15. 

 A. II, 9. Lat. 1. 92. L. 6 to 8. Great Lakes to Va., Ala., and 

 Texas, abundant, the largest of the darters, and the one most 

 nearly allied to the Perch and similar fishes. N. and E. occurs 

 var. zebra Agassiz, with nape naked, etc. ; the ordinary form is 

 scaly. (xoTrpoy, the wild boar ; ei8ot, like.) 



pp. Cranium not broad between the eyes : mouth less inferior, the snout 

 usually not projecting much beyond it. 

 r. Ventral line with the median series of scales more or less enlarged 

 or (if these are fallen) with a naked strip; anal fin large; lateral 

 line complete, 

 a. Palatine teeth present; dorsal spines 11 to 15. 

 q. Preopercle strictly entire; gill membranes scarcely united across 

 isthmus. (Alvordius 2 Girard.) 

 (. Cheeks and opercles wholly naked ; head large and long. 



388. E. macrocephalum Cope. Body slender ; head eel-like ; 

 maxillary reaching eye. Brown, back with dark quadrate spots; 

 ' Dim. of Perca. ' To General Benjamin Alvord, 0. S. A, 



