KALLIDiE. — CXLII. 241. 



377. RALLXTS Linnsus. (Fr., rale, from its note.) 

 a. Large rails ; wing more than 5. 



741. R. crepitans Gmelin. Clapper Rail. Salt-water 

 Marsh Hen. Olive brown, variegated witii ashy ; dull reddish 

 brown below; little or no distinct chestnut anywhere. L. 14 to 16. 

 W. 6. T. 2^. B. 2^. 5 smaller. Salt marshes; common S., 

 N. to Mass. 



742. R. elegans Audubon. King Rail. Fresh-water 

 Maksh-hen. Brownish black, with bright chestnut below and on 

 wing coverts ; much brighter colored than the last, and larger ; 

 a red, rather than a gray bird. L. 18. W. 7. B. 2J. U. S., 

 in'fresh-water marshes, N. to Conn. 



aa. Small rails ; wing less than 6. 

 I 



743. R. virginianus L. Virginia Rail. Colors exactly as 



in R. elegans; much smaller. L. 10. W. 4. T. IJ. B. 1-J. 

 N. Am., common E. 



378. PORZANA Vieillot. (Italian name.) 

 a. Secondaries without white. 

 4. Wing more than 4 ; olive-brown above, striped with black. (Porzana.) 



744. P. Carolina (L.). Carolina Rail. Sora. Olive- 

 brown, streaked ; adult with face and middle line of throat black ; 

 breast slaty gray ; back streaked ; beUy barred. L. 9. W. 4J-. 

 T. 2. N. Am., common. 



b. Wings less than 3i ; dusky, usually speckled with white. ( Creciscus 

 Cabanis.) 



745. P. jamaicensis (Gmelin). Black Rail. Blackish, with 

 white markings. L. 5^. W. 3. T. 1^. Tropical Amer. etc., 

 rarely N. to 111. 



aa. Secondaries white. (Cotermcops Bonaparte.) 



746. P. noveboracensis (Gmelin). Yellow Crake. BufEy, 

 blackish-streaked above with white marks, bufEy below. L. 6. 

 W. 3^. T. 1^. E. N. Am., not common. (Lat., of New York.) 



379. lONORNIS Reichenbach. (loj', violet; Spvis, hiri.) 



747. I. martinica (L.). Purple Gallinulb. Olive green; 

 head and lower parts purplish blue ; wings and tail greenish-black ; 

 crissum white; bill mostly red; the shield blue. L. 12. W. 7. 

 T. 3. Tropical Amer., N. to N. E. (From Martinique.) 



380. GALLINULA Brisson. (Dim. of Lat. gallina, hen.) 



748. G. galeata (Lichtenstein) . Florida Gallinule. 

 Brownish olive above, grayish black on head and below; wings 

 and tail dusky ; bill, frontal shield, and ring around tibia red ; feet 



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