318 MAMMALIA: GLIEES. — XLVIII. 



Hare. Ears about as long as head ; fur, in summer, cinnamon 

 brown, in winter, becoming white at the surface, plumbeous at 

 base, with a median band of reddish brown. L. 20. T. 2J. Ear 3. 

 In Evergreen woods. The typical amerioanus, with ears white 

 edged, is found only about Hudson's Bay, S. to Ontario. Sub- 

 spec, virgrimanus (Harlan), the common form in the U. S. in pine, 

 fir, and hemlock forests, Minn, to New Brunswick, S. to Va., has 

 the white border of ear small or wanting, the median brown band 

 broad. Subspec. struthopus Bangs, from Nova Scotia, similar to 

 typical virginianuB, but having the hind foot much smaller; color 

 in summer pelage darker and duller, (a-rpovdos, a small bird; 

 TTOvs, foot.) 



1034. L. campestris Bachman. Jack-Rabbit. Prairie 

 Hare. Ears much longer than head. Fur pale yellowish gray 

 in summer, in winter white at surface and base, yellowish in 

 middle ; tail long, all white. L. 23. T. 3|. Ear 5. Kan. and 

 Dakota, to Oregon. (Lat., of the fields.) 



Family CLXXXII. ERBTHIZONTID^. (The Ameri- 

 can Porcupines.) 



Molar teeth ^ on each side ; fur more or less mixed with bristly 

 barbed spines ; tip of muzzle with small hair ; tibia and fibula dis- 

 tinct. Genera 3, all American. The American Porcupines differ 

 in many respects from the Old World Porcupines {Hystricidce). 

 The former are chiefly arboreal, the latter terrestrial. Allied to 

 this family is the South American group of Caviidoe, represented 

 by the Guinea (Guiana) Pig {Cavia aperea). 



a. Tail short, thick, not prehensile; claws J, long, compressed, and curved; 

 nostrils close together Erethizon, 538. 



538. ERETHIZON Fr^d^ric Cuvier. (epc^i'fa), to irritate.) 



1035. E. dorsatus (L.). Canada Porcupine. Dark brown, 

 spines tipped with yellowish white, and 4 to 6 inches long. L. 40. 

 T. 6. E. N. Am., from Me. to Penn., formerly common. (Lat., 

 dorsum, back.) 



Family CLXXXIII. DIPODID^. (The Jumping Mick.) 

 Hind legs greatly elongated, adapted for taking long leaps ; fore 

 legs short. Tail very long. Molars |:| or f:f ; upper incisors 

 compressed, grooved ; molars rooted ; internal cheek pouches pres- 

 ent ; toes 5-5 ; tibia and fibula united. Genera 6 ; species numerous ; 

 one genus, Zapus, chiefly American. 



539. ZAPUS Coues. (fa, an intensive particle ; Trour, foot.) 



1036. Z. hudsoniuB (Zimmermann). Jumping Mouse. Yel- 

 lowish brown ; fur coarse and rough ; soles naked. Molars J:|-. 

 L. 8. T. 5. Ear J. U. S. chiefly N. ; variable. 



