CEETID^. — oxcv. 337 



586. MEGAPTERA Gray, (iiiya, large ; wrepov, fin.) 



1116. M. nodosa (Bonnaterre). Hump-back Whale. Body 

 short, thick, with humps and protuberances; skin often covered 

 with barnacles. L. 50 to 75 feet; color usually black. N. Atl., 

 formerly common. (Af. osphyia Cope.) (E«.) (Lat., with nodes 

 or lumps.) Allied to this species is the Hump-back whale of the 

 Pacific, M. versabilis Cope. 



587. BALiENA Linnaeus. (Lat., whale.) 



1117. B. glacialis Bonnaterre. Right Whale, of the At- 

 lantic. Black Whale. The common large whale of our Eastern 

 coasts and the North Atlantic generally, occasionally S. to. S. C. • 

 Color black. L. 40 feet. (Eu.) 



In the Arctic seas occurs the great Bowhead, B. mysticeius L., 

 the most valuable of the whales, reaching a length of 50 or 60 feet, 

 yielding 200 to 300 barrels of oil and from 1 to 2 tons of whalebone. 



Order LII. UNGUI.ATA. (The Hooped Mammals.) 

 Herbivorous mammals provided with 1 to 4 enlarged and thick- 

 ened claws or hoofs on each foot ; molar teeth adapted for grind- 

 ing. The anatomical characters of this well-known and varied 

 group are too numerous to be here summarized. The order is 

 usually subdivided into the Perissodactyli, or odd-toed ungulates, 

 and the Arliodactyli, or even-toes. The former group is exempli- 

 fied by the Horse (Equus caballus L.), the Ass (^Asinus asinus L.), 

 the Rhinoceros, and the Tapir. The Artiodactyli are again sub- 

 divided into the non -ruminating, omnivorous, hornless, naked or 

 bristly allies of the Common Hog and Wild Boar {Sus scrofd), and 

 the group of Pecora (Ruminants). To the latter belong all the 

 living ungulates occurring within our limits. (Lat., ungulatus, 

 hoofed.) 



Families of TTngulata. 

 a. Feet bifid; first toe wanting; second and fourth rudimentary. (Artio- 

 dactyli.) 

 b. Stomach compound, of 3 or 4 compartments; horns usually present. 

 (Pecora.) 

 c. Upper jaw without incisors, in the adult. 

 d. Horns solid, usually branching, deciduous. . . . Cervid^, 195. 

 dd. Horns hollow at base, branched, deciduous. Antilocafrid^, 196. 

 ddd. Horns permanent, hollow, each enclosing a process of the fi'ontal 

 bone BoviDjE, 197. 



Family CXCV. CEEVID^. (The Deer.) 

 Horns deciduous, solid, developed from the frontal bone, more 

 or less branched, covered at first by a soft, hairy integument, 

 known as "velvet; " when the horns attain their full size, which 

 they do in a very" short time, there arises at the base of each a ring 

 of tubercles known as the " burr ; " this compresses and finally ob- 



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