IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE 



109 



enough not to be in the way at plowing time. iVseending pipes 

 come to the surface at intervals. In all three of these plans, 

 faucets may be placed where desired for the attachment of 

 garden hose. In the first two plans, the water may be thrown 

 by the use of special nozzles directly from the water pipes 

 without the use of hose. 



Ditches or flumes are sometimes used to convey the water 



Fig. 61. — Overhead irrigation system for children's gardens of the National 

 Gash Register Company, Dayton, Ohio. The nozzles are three feet apart along 

 each pipe. A small garden may have only one pipe through the center. (Photo 

 from Children's Flower Mission, Cleveland.) 



to various points of the area to be irrigated. From there the 

 water may be distributed in smaller ditches or furrows or if the 

 area be flat a flooding method is sometimes followed (Fig. 

 62). The actual watering about the plants is by one of three 

 ways : Flooding, seepage from furrows and small ditches, and 

 surface sprays. In proportion to the amount of "water used, 

 the spray methods are most wasteful. This is because so 

 much of the water is lost by evaporation, and the surface of 



