168 SCHOOL AND HOME GARDENING 



i6. Tip Layering. — Bend the tip portions of a black raspberry 

 bush to the ground and cover a, few inches with a clod of soil. It 

 is best to leave the end buds in each case projecting. After a few 

 weeks these stems will take root and new shoots will start from 

 the covered portion, and form new plants (Fig. 97). Cut the parent 

 stems with shears or a knife. The young plants may remain where 

 they are until late fall or spring and then be transplanted to new 

 garden rows. 



This method is called tip layering and is a common method 

 practiced for propagating black raspberries. It may be suc- 

 cessfully tried with a number of other plants. Climbing roses 

 are often propagated in this way. 



Fig. 97. Fig. 98. 



Fig. 97. — Black Raspberry bushes may be propagated by tip-layering. This is 



done soon after the crop is picked. 

 Fig. 98. — Clematis, grape, ivy, and many otnervines may be propagated by layer- 

 ing them during the growing season. 



17. Vine Layering. — Make a shallow furrow with a hoe or spade 

 near a grape-vine. Lay in it one of the canes its full length. Cover 

 parts of it, leaving other parts exposed to the light. Slioots will start 

 up and roots vdll be formed in a few weeks (Fig. 08). The new 

 plants may be cut apart with a spade. They may be transplanted 

 to desired places as soon as the leaves disappear, or early tlie next 

 spring. 



Several kinds of vines, including the Boston ivy, Virginia 

 creeper, and certain varieties of grapes are commonly propa- 

 gated by vine layering. It is an easy and sure process. 



18,. Mound Layering. — Mound up soil among the root stems 

 of a, gooseberry bush. After a few weeks, new roots will be formed 

 on these branches in this mound of soil. The following fall or spring, 

 the plants may be dug. The branches with their new roots will 

 form new plants. These may be cut or pulled apart and set separ- 

 ately in a new place in the garden, 



