DISEASES AND PESTS OF FOWLS 
Cause. Small worms, red in color when 
engorged, which attach themselves to the 
mucous membrane of the windpipe. Af- 
fected birds cough up worms or ova, which 
infect the yard and sometimes .the water 
supply. Earthworms taken from infested 
yards have been found to contain portions 
of gape worms, and may be one means of 
infecting poultry. 
Treatment. Isolate attacked poultry and 
disinfect coops and yards. The worms may 
be extracted from the windpipe of a gaping 
chicken with a feather stripped nearly to 
the end, and moistened, but not dripping, 
with oil of turpentine. Hold the mouth 
open, push the feather down the windpipe, 
and give it a sudden twist, which will dis- 
lodge the worms and allow of their being 
drawn up. Fumigation by holding the 
bird’s head over an irritant vapor, such as 
that of carbolic acid poured into boiling 
water, is risky, but sometimes successful. If 
not cautiously done, much suffering may be 
inflicted on the bird. 
Post-mortem. Cut open the windpipe 
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