foliage and wrinkled bark, stand out in the landscape clearly 
marked by their majestic appearance. 
Pindahyba. 
Xylopia emarginata Mart. Family: Anonaceae. Order: 
Polycarpicae. Pindahyva. Pindahuba. There are two varieties, 
the Pindahyba and the Pindahyba preta. This is a tree of 
great height, with horizontal branches, lanceolate leaves 
and large white flowers. The timber is used for interior 
work, boxes, etc. The bast is used for making ropes. Is 
found in all parts of the State. 
Pinho. 
Araucaria brasiliana Lam. Family: Pinaceae. Order: 
Coniferae. 
These are large and beautiful trees, growing in the 
wild uncultivated parts of the State, and are found almost 
throughout the Campos do Jordao, over an area of more 
than 30,000 hectares, and altitudes of 2,200 metres above 
the level of the sea; they form the chief vegetation of the 
Campos da Bocaina, reaching the same altitude, and flourish 
up to an altitude of 400 metres in the Campos de Ita- 
petininga. They produce timber, tar and turpentine. Their 
bark is very rich is potash. 
The quality of the timber is equal to that of the 
Swiss pine and is superior to the pine of America. 
There are two varieties of the Pinho, the branco and 
the vermelho, the branco suitable for boxes, boarding, etc. 
only, while the vermelho is of very good quality and may 
be used for general interior work, flooring, frame-work, 
beams and rafters. At altitudes between 400 and 2,200 
metres the pine reaches full development in 20 years with 
a height of 30 metres and 1.50 metre diameter. 
Pinho Bravo. 
Of the two varieties, the branco and the vermelho, 
the vermelho only may be used to advantage for fencing, 
posts, rafters, and beams. They are small trees with little 
foliage and crooked growth. 
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